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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vmireaviz</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник медицинского института «РЕАВИЗ». Реабилитация, Врач и Здоровье</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of the Medical Institute "REAVIZ" (REHABILITATION, DOCTOR AND HEALTH)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-762X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-1579</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РЕАВИЗ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20340/vmi-rvz.2024.3.MORPH.4</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vmireaviz-1029</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Морфология, патология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Morphology, pathology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Характеристика крипт слизистой оболочки толстой кишки при воспалительных заболеваниях кишечника</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Characteristics of the colonic crypts in inflammatory bowel diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4683-1953</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахриева</surname><given-names>Х. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhrieva</surname><given-names>Kh. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ахриева Хава Мусаевна - Канд. мед. наук, заведующая кафедрой факультетской терапии медицинского факультета Вклад автора: анализ полученных данных, написание текста.</p><p>пр-кт И.Б. Зязикова, д. 7, г. Магас, Республика Ингушетия, 386001</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Khava M. Akhrieva - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Faculty Therapy of the Faculty of Medicine Author's contribution: analysis of the received data, writing of the text.</p><p>7, I.B. Zyazikova Ave., Magas, Republic of Ingushetia, 386001</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">akhrievakhava@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5635-6100</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тертычный</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tertychnyy</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тертычный Александр Семенович - Д-р мед. наук, профессор, заведующий лабораторией электронной микроскопии и иммуногистохимии Института клинической морфологии и цифровой патологии Вклад автора: анализ полученных данных, написание текста.</p><p>ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, г. Москва, 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr S. Tertychnyy - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Laboratory of Electron Microscopy and Immunohistochemistry of the Institute of Clinical Morphology and Digital Pathology Author's contribution: analysis of the received data, writing of the text.</p><p>8, Trubetskaya str., building 2, Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">atertychnyy@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8136-0117</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пачуашвили</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pachuashvili</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пачуашвили Нано Владимеровна - Ординатор Института клинической морфологии и цифровой патологии Вклад автора: сбор и обработка материала, редактирование текста.</p><p>ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, г. Москва, 119991;ул. Дмитрия Ульянова, д. 11, г. Москва, 117292</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nano V. Pachuashvili - Resident of the Institute of Clinical Morphology and Digital Pathology Author's contribution: collecting and processing material, editing text.</p><p>8, Trubetskaya str., building 2, Moscow, 119991;11, Dmitry Ulyanov str., Moscow, 117292</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">npachuashvili@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6891-0009</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Урусова</surname><given-names>Л. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Urusova</surname><given-names>L. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Урусова Лилия Сергеевна - Д-р мед. наук, заведующая отделом фундаментальной патоморфологии, Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии. Вклад автора: анализ полученных данных, редактирование текста.</p><p>ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, г. Москва, 119991;ул. Дмитрия Ульянова, д. 11, г. Москва, 117292</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Liliya S. Urusova - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Fundamental Pathomorphology Author's contribution: analysis of the received data, text editing.</p><p>11, Dmitry Ulyanov str., Moscow, 117292</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">liselivanova89@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ингушский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ingush State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский университет);&#13;
Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University);&#13;
National Medical Research Center of Endocrinology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский университет);&#13;
Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center of Endocrinology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>42</fpage><lpage>50</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ахриева Х.М., Тертычный А.С., Пачуашвили Н.В., Урусова Л.С., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ахриева Х.М., Тертычный А.С., Пачуашвили Н.В., Урусова Л.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Akhrieva K.M., Tertychnyy A.S., Pachuashvili N.V., Urusova L.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.reaviz.ru/jour/article/view/1029">https://vestnik.reaviz.ru/jour/article/view/1029</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель: охарактеризовать изменения крипт слизистой оболочки толстой кишки при колитах и оценить их значение в морфологической диагностике колитов при воспалительных заболеваниях кишечника (ВЗК). Материалы и методы. Были ретроспективно пересмотрены колонобиоптаты у пациентов с воспалительными заболеваниями кишечника (30 пациентов с язвенным колитом и 30 с болезнью Крона) и у 30 пациентов, у которых диагноз «воспалительные заболевания кишечника» не был подтверждён (т.н. самоограничивающиеся колиты, не относящиеся к воспалительным заболеваниям кишечника (не-ВЗК)). Возраст пациентов варьировал от 19 до 53 лет. Во всех случаях диагноз был установлен на основании комплекса клинико-лабораторных и инструментальных методов диагностики. У всех пациентов при проведении колоноскопии были получены множественные биоптаты. Обработка материала проводилась по общепринятой методике. Все случаи были отсканированы с помощью сканера гистологических препаратов Aperio TC («Leica», Германия») и заново пересмотрены с акцентом на изменениях крипт. Результаты. Обнаруженные в ходе исследования характеристики крипт были разделены на следующие группы. К наиболее часто обнаруживаемым изменениям относятся воспалительно-деструктивные изменения (98% случаев ВЗК и в 80% случаев не-ВЗК). Атрофические изменения крипт чаще обнаруживались у пациентов с не-ВЗК колитами, по сравнению со случаями ВЗК (30% при ВЗК и 53,3% при не-ВЗК; р = 0,03). Достоверные отличия в частоте встречаемости были получены при обнаружении дисрегенераторных изменений крипт (76,7% случаев колитов при ВЗК и 13,3 % случаев при не-ВЗК; р &lt; 0,001). Почкование крипт было более выражено у пациентов с язвенным колитом по сравнению с пациентами с болезнью Крона (92% против 70% соответственно), а особый вариант изменений крипт, который мы назвали «змеевидный», был обнаружен исключительно у пациентов с болезнью Крона. Заключение. Обнаруженные только у пациентов с воспалительными заболеваниями кишечника изменения крипт, такие как почкующиеся крипты, могут служить важным дифференциально-диагностическим критерием постановки диагноза. В группе пациентов с воспалительными заболеваниями кишечника обнаруженные змеевидные крипты, в свою очередь, могут помочь в проведении дифференциального диагноза между язвенным колитом и болезнью Крона. Воспалительно-деструктивные изменения с равной частотой обнаруживаются при колитах как в случаях воспалительных, так и при невоспалительных заболеваниях кишечника и поэтому не могут считаться специфическими диагностическими признаками.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Purpose: to characterize changes in the colon crypts in colitis and to assess their significance in the morphological diagnosis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Materials and methods: colon biopsies were retrospectively reviewed in patients with IBD (30 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 30 patients with Crohn's disease (CD)) and in 30 patients where the diagnosis of IBD was not confirmed (self-limiting colitis not related to IBD (non-IBD)). The age of the patients ranged from 19 to 53 years. In all cases, the diagnosis was established based on a combination of clinical, laboratory, and instrumental diagnostic methods. Multiple biopsies were obtained from all patients during colonoscopy. The processing of the material was carried out according to generally accepted methodology. All cases were scanned using the Aperio TC histological preparation scanner (Leica, Germany) and re-examined with an emphasis on crypt changes. Results: the crypt characteristics found during the study were divided into the following groups. The most frequently detected changes included inflammatory and destructive changes (98% of cases of IBD and 80% of cases of non-IBD). Atrophic changes in crypts were more often found in patients with non-IBD colitis compared with cases of IBD (30% in IBD and 53.3% in non-IBD; p=0.03). Significant differences in frequency were observed when dysregenerative changes in crypts were detected (76.7% of cases of colitis in IBD and 13.3% of cases in non-IBD; p&lt;0.001). Crypt budding was more pronounced in patients with UC compared with CD (92% in UC versus 70% in CD), and a special variant of crypt changes, which we termed "serpentine," was found exclusively in patients with CD. Conclusion: crypt changes found only in patients with IBD, such as budding crypts, can serve as an important differential diagnostic criterion for the diagnosis of IBD. In the IBD group, the discovered serpentine crypts can help in making a differential diagnosis between UC and CD. Inflammatory and destructive changes are found with equal frequency in both cases of IBD and non-IBD colitis and therefore cannot be considered specific diagnostic signs.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хронический колит</kwd><kwd>воспалительные заболевания кишечника</kwd><kwd>ВЗК</kwd><kwd>морфологическая</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic colitis</kwd><kwd>inflammatory bowel disease</kwd><kwd>IBD</kwd><kwd>morphological diagnosis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Novak G., Parker C.E., Pai R.K., MacDonald J.K., Feagan B.G., Sandborn W.J. et al. Histologic scoring indices for evaluation of disease activity in Crohn's disease. 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