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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vmireaviz</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник медицинского института «РЕАВИЗ». Реабилитация, Врач и Здоровье</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of the Medical Institute "REAVIZ" (REHABILITATION, DOCTOR AND HEALTH)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-762X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-1579</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РЕАВИЗ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20340/vmi-rvz.2025.2.CLIN.5</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vmireaviz-1201</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Клиническая медицина</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Clinical medicine</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Факторы риска развития желчнокаменной болезни (обзор литературы)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Risk factors for cholelithiasis (literature review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4867-3194</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сахабетдинов</surname><given-names>Б. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sakhabetdinov</surname><given-names>B. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сахабетдинов Булат Айратович, Ассистент кафедры оперативной хирургии и топографической анатомии</p><p>д. 49, г. Казань, Республика Татарстан, 420012</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bulat A. Sakhabetdinov, Assistant of the Department of Operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy</p><p>49, Butlerova St., Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, 420012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">b.sahabet@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4259-4281</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курбангалеев</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurbangaleev</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Курбангалеев Арсен Ирекович, Канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры хирургических болезней; руководитель научно-внедренческого центра эндохирургии МЗ РТ, руководитель хирургической службы, Центральная городская клиническая больница № 18</p><p>д. 49, г. Казань, Республика Татарстан, 420012</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Arsen I. Kurbangaleev, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Surgical Diseases</p><p>49, Butlerova St., Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, 420012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ar2kur@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3335-4667</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хизбуллина</surname><given-names>Э. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khizbullina</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хизбуллина Эльвира Айратовна, Врач-ординатор кафедры детских болезней с клиникой</p><p>ул. Аккуратова, д. 2, г. Санкт-Петербург, 197349</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elvira A. Khizbullina, Resident physician of the Department of Children's Diseases with a clinic</p><p>2, Akkuratov St., Saint Petersburg, 197349</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8576-9818</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шайдуллина</surname><given-names>Р. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shaydullina</surname><given-names>R. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шайдуллина Рузиля Радиковна, Студентка педиатрического факультета</p><p>д. 49, г. Казань, Республика Татарстан, 420012</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ruzilya R. Shaydullina, Student of the pediatric faculty</p><p>49, Butlerova St., Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, 420012</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2914-6423</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бобрихина</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bobrikhina</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бобрихина Анастасия Сергеевна, Студентка педиатрического факультета </p><p>д. 49, г. Казань, Республика Татарстан, 420012</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasiya S. Bobrikhina, Student of the pediatric faculty</p><p>49, Butlerova St., Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, 420012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">abobrikhina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3221-7872</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саяпова</surname><given-names>Д. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sayapova</surname><given-names>D. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Саяпова Динара Равильевна, Канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры урологии им. акад. Е.Н. Ситдыковой</p><p>д. 49, г. Казань, Республика Татарстан, 420012</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dinara R. Sayapova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Urology named after academician E.N. Sitdykova</p><p>49, Butlerova St., Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, 420012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Sayapova.69@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр имени В. А. Алмазова</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Almazov National Medical Research Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>97</fpage><lpage>104</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сахабетдинов Б.А., Курбангалеев А.И., Хизбуллина Э.А., Шайдуллина Р.Р., Бобрихина А.С., Саяпова Д.Р., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сахабетдинов Б.А., Курбангалеев А.И., Хизбуллина Э.А., Шайдуллина Р.Р., Бобрихина А.С., Саяпова Д.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sakhabetdinov B.A., Kurbangaleev A.I., Khizbullina E.A., Shaydullina R.R., Bobrikhina A.S., Sayapova D.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.reaviz.ru/jour/article/view/1201">https://vestnik.reaviz.ru/jour/article/view/1201</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Холелитиаз – это мультифакториальное заболевание, которое характеризуется образованием конкрементов в желчном пузыре. В настоящее время желчнокаменная болезнь является одним из наиболее распространённых заболеваний в практике врача-терапевта, гастроэнтеролога, хирурга. Изучение и выявление среди населения факторов развития данной патологии способствует более ранней диагностике, лечению и профилактике желчнокаменной болезни.</p><p>Цель исследования – улучшение результатов диагностики и лечения пациентов с желчнокаменной болезнью путём выявления факторов риска развития и выделения групп риска по данной патологии.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы: обзор современной зарубежной и отечественной литературы о модифицируемых и немодифицируемых факторах риска возникновения желчнокаменной болезни, их участии в патогенезе.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Среди модифицируемых факторов развития, наиболее важных для развития желчнокаменной болезни, стоит выделить следующие: избыточная масса тела, форсированное снижение веса, низкая физическая активность, вредные привычки, гормонотерапия.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Выявлены наиболее значимые факторы риска развития желчнокаменной болезни. Особое внимание уделено рассмотрению гиподинамии, ожирения, вредных привычек, препаратов, нейроэндокринной дисфункции на вероятность развития желчнокаменной болезни. Обнаружена связь между различными заболеваниями (сахарный диабет 2 типа, гипотиреоз, неалкогольная жировая болезнь печени, болезнь Крона) и наличием конкрементов в желчном пузыре. Установлено, что различные факторы риска могут оказывать влияние на патогенез желчнокаменной болезни, что отражается на клинической картине заболевания в зависимости от их специфики и воздействия на организм.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. Cholelithiasis is a multifactorial disease, which is characterized by the formation of concretions in the gallbladder. Currently, cholelithiasis is one of the most common diseases in the practice of a general practitioner, gastroenterologist, surgeon. The study and identification among the population of the factors of development of this pathology contributes to earlier diagnosis, treatment of gallstone disease, prevention.</p><p>The aim of the study is to improve the results of diagnostics and treatment of patients with GI by revealing the risk factors of development and allocation of risk groups for this pathology. Materials and methods: review of modern foreign and domestic literature on modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors of cholelithiasis, their participation in pathogenesis.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Among modifiable development factors the most important for the development of cholelithiasis the following should be emphasized: excessive body weight, forced weight loss, low physical activity, bad habits, hormone therapy.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The most significant risk factors for the development of cholelithiasis have been identified. Special attention was paid to the consideration of hypodynamia, obesity, bad habits, drugs, neuroendocrine dysfunction on the probability of GI. An association between various diseases (type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, Crohn's disease) and the presence of concrements in the gallbladder has been found. It is established that various risk factors can influence on pathogenesis of cholelithiasis that is reflected on clinical picture of the disease depending on their specificity and influence on the organism.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>желчнокаменная болезнь [D002769]</kwd><kwd>факторы риска [D012307]</kwd><kwd>холестериновые камни [D015892]</kwd><kwd>желчный пузырь [D005704]</kwd><kwd>холецистит [D002764]</kwd><kwd>ожирение [D009765]</kwd><kwd>метаболический синдром [D024821]</kwd><kwd>дислипидемия [D050171]</kwd><kwd>гиперхолестеринемия [D006937]</kwd><kwd>эпидемиология желчнокаменной болезни [D002769]</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cholelithiasis [D002769]</kwd><kwd>risk factors [D012307]</kwd><kwd>cholesterol stones [D015892]</kwd><kwd>gallbladder [D005704]</kwd><kwd>cholecystitis [D002764]</kwd><kwd>obesity [D009765]</kwd><kwd>metabolic syndrome [D024821]</kwd><kwd>dyslipidemia [D050171]</kwd><kwd>hypercholesterolemia [D006937]</kwd><kwd>epidemiology of gallstone disease [D002769]</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вахрушев Я.М., Хохлачева Н.А., Сучкова Е.В. и др. 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