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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vmireaviz</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник медицинского института «РЕАВИЗ». Реабилитация, Врач и Здоровье</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of the Medical Institute "REAVIZ" (REHABILITATION, DOCTOR AND HEALTH)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-762X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-1579</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РЕАВИЗ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20340/vmi-rvz.2025.1.CLIN.9</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vmireaviz-1202</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ МЕДИЦИНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Новый подход к прогнозированию послеоперационных осложнений у пациенток с раком молочной железы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Optimization of the prognosis of postoperative complications in patients with breast cancer</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1350-0704</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трусова</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trusova</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Трусова Людмила Андреевна - врач онколог-хирург, ассистент кафедры хирургических болезней.</p><p>ул. Чапаевская, д. 227, Самара, 443001</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyudmila A. Trusova - Oncologist-surgeon, assistant of the Department of Surgical Diseases, Medical University "Reaviz".</p><p>227, Chapaevskaya st., Samara, 443001</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">L-trusova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Медицинский университет «Реавиз»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Medical University "Reaviz"</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>89</fpage><lpage>97</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Трусова Л.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Трусова Л.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Trusova L.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.reaviz.ru/jour/article/view/1202">https://vestnik.reaviz.ru/jour/article/view/1202</self-uri><abstract><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Рак молочной железы (РМЖ) является наиболее распространённым злокачественным новообразованием среди женщин, требующим хирургического лечения на ранних стадиях. Несмотря на применение органосохраняющих операций, проблема профилактики ранних послеоперационных раневых осложнений остаётся актуальной, так как их развитие приводит к отсрочке адъювантного лечения, удлинению периода восстановления и ухудшению качества жизни пациенток. Цель исследования: оптимизация прогноза послеоперационных осложнений у пациенток с раком молочной железы путём разработки нового метода хирургического доступа и способа прогнозирования раневых осложнений на основе оценки локальной термометрии и микроциркуляции. Материалы и методы. В одноцентровое сравнительное ретроспективное исследование включено 210 пациенток с РМЖ 0-IB стадий, разделённых на две группы: основную (n = 105), оперированных с применением разработанного Z-образного доступа, и контрольную (n = 105) – оперированных из стандартного линейного доступа. Группы были сопоставимы по возрасту, стадии заболевания, сопутствующей патологии и молекулярно-биологическому типу опухоли. Для оценки микроциркуляции использовался лазерный анализатор «ЛАКК-М», для термометрии – тепловизионный аппаратно-программный комплекс CG320 с программой «ИК МЕД». Болевой синдром оценивался по шкале вербальной оценки (ШВО) и опроснику интенсивности боли. Результаты. Применение Z-образного доступа позволило значительно снизить частоту ранних послеоперационных осложнений до 3,8% против 27,6% при классическом доступе (p &lt; 0,05). Частота воспалительного инфильтрата в области послеоперационной раны в основной группе составила 1,9% против 11,4% в контрольной группе (p &lt; 0,05), частота сером – 1,9% против 14,2% соответственно (p &lt; 0,05). ROC-анализ показал, что основным предиктором наступления раневых осложнений был показатель микроциркуляции (AUC = 0,673; 95% ДИ 0,507-0,710; р = 0,03). При микроциркуляции менее 15 перф.ед. чувствительность к развитию воспалительного инфильтрата составила 35,7%, специфичность – 92,9%, а для прогнозирования развития серомы – 71,4% и 60,2% соответственно. Выводы. Разработанный Z-образный доступ для органосохраняющих операций при РМЖ и метод прогнозирования ранних послеоперационных осложнений на основе оценки микроциркуляции и локальной термометрии позволяют значительно снизить частоту ранних послеоперационных осложнений и своевременно прогнозировать их развитие, что способствует оптимизации лечения пациенток с РМЖ на ранних стадиях.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent malignant neoplasm among women, requiring surgical treatment in early stages. Despite the implementation of breast-conserving surgeries, the prevention of early postoperative wound complications remains a significant challenge, as their development leads to delays in adjuvant treatment, prolonged recovery periods, and deterioration in patients' quality of life. Objective: to optimize the prediction of postoperative complications in breast cancer patients by developing a novel surgical approach and a method for predicting wound complications based on local thermometry and microcirculation assessment. Materials and Methods. This single-center comparative retrospective study included 210 patients with stage 0-IB breast cancer, divided into two groups: the study group (n = 105) who underwent surgery using the developed Z-shaped approach, and the control group (n = 105) who underwent surgery with the standard linear approach. The groups were comparable in age, disease stage, comorbidities, and molecular-biological tumor type. Microcirculation was assessed using the "LAKK-M" laser analyzer, while thermometry was performed using the CG320 thermal imaging hardware-software complex with the "IR MED" program. Pain syndrome was evaluated using the Verbal Rating Scale (VRS) and the Pain Intensity Questionnaire. Results. The Z-shaped approach significantly reduced the incidence of early postoperative complications to 3.8% compared to 27.6% with the classical approach (p &lt; 0.05). The frequency of inflammatory infiltrates in the postoperative wound area in the study group was 1.9% versus 11.4% in the control group (p &lt; 0.05), and the frequency of seromas was 1.9% versus 14.2%, respectively (p &lt; 0.05). ROC analysis showed that microcirculation was the primary predictor of wound complications (AUC = 0.673; 95% CI 0.507-0.710; p = 0.03). At microcirculation values below 15 perfusion units, the sensitivity for inflammatory infiltrate development was 35.7% with a specificity of 92.9%, while for seroma prediction, sensitivity was 71.4% and specificity was 60.2%. Conclusions. The developed Z-shaped approach for breast-conserving surgeries and the method for predicting early postoperative complications based on microcirculation assessment and local thermometry significantly reduce the frequency of early postoperative complications and allow for timely prediction of their development, contributing to optimized treatment of early-stage breast cancer patients.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Рак молочной железы [D001943]</kwd><kwd>Послеоперационные осложнения [D016016]</kwd><kwd>Прогноз [D011379]</kwd><kwd>Факторы риска [D005260]</kwd><kwd>Прогностическая ценность тестов [D015996]</kwd><kwd>Оценка риска [D000067716]</kwd><kwd>Мастэктомия [D016208]</kwd><kwd>Органосохраняющая хирургия молочной железы [D019060]</kwd><kwd>Местный рецидив новообразования [D015984]</kwd><kwd>Безрецидивная выживаемость [D018709]</kwd><kwd>Пациент-специфическое моделирование [D032383]</kwd><kwd>Машинное обучение [D057285]</kwd><kwd>Статистические модели [D019295]</kwd><kwd>Алгоритмы [D020133]</kwd><kwd>Адъювантная лучевая терапия [D011795]</kwd><kwd>Адъювантная химиотерапия [D016634]</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Breast Neoplasms [D001943]</kwd><kwd>Postoperative Complications [D016016]</kwd><kwd>Prognosis [D011379]</kwd><kwd>Risk Factors [D005260]</kwd><kwd>Predictive Value of Tests [D015996]</kwd><kwd>Risk Assessment [D000067716]</kwd><kwd>Mastectomy [D016208]</kwd><kwd>Breast-Conserving Surgery [D019060]</kwd><kwd>Neoplasm Recurrence</kwd><kwd>Local [D015984]</kwd><kwd>Disease-Free Survival [D018709]</kwd><kwd>Patient-Specific Modeling [D032383]</kwd><kwd>Machine Learning [D057285]</kwd><kwd>Models</kwd><kwd>Statistical [D019295]</kwd><kwd>Algorithms [D020133]</kwd><kwd>Radiotherapy</kwd><kwd>Adjuvant [D011795]</kwd><kwd>Chemotherapy</kwd><kwd>Adjuvant [D016634]</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, Laversanne M, Soerjomataram I, Jemal A, Bray F. 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