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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vmireaviz</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник медицинского института «РЕАВИЗ». Реабилитация, Врач и Здоровье</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of the Medical Institute "REAVIZ" (REHABILITATION, DOCTOR AND HEALTH)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-762X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-1579</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РЕАВИЗ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20340/vmi-rvz.2025.5.CLIN.2</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vmireaviz-1279</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Клиническая медицина</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Clinical medicine</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Модифицируемые факторы развития наружных грыж живота</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modifiable factors in the development of external abdominal hernias</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4867-3194</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сахабетдинов</surname><given-names>Б. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sakhabetdinov</surname><given-names>B. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сахабетдинов Булат Айратович, ассистент кафедры оперативной хирургии и топографической анатомии, </p><p>ул. Бутлерова, д. 49, г. Казань, Республика Татарстан, 420012</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bulat A. Sakhabetdinov, Assistant of the Department of Operative Surgery and TopographicAnatomy,</p><p>st. Butlerova, 49, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, 420012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">b.sahabet@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2831-7469</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рувинская</surname><given-names>Э. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ruvinskaya</surname><given-names>E. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рувинская Элина Олеговна, студентка медико-биологического факультета,</p><p>ул. Бутлерова, д. 49, г. Казань, Республика Татарстан, 420012</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elina O. Ruvinskaya, Student of the Faculty of Medicine,</p><p>st. Butlerova, 49, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, 420012</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2511-2975</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фазуллин</surname><given-names>М. Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fazullin</surname><given-names>M. Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фазуллин Марат Шамилевич, студент педиатрического факультета,</p><p>ул. Бутлерова, д. 49, г. Казань, Республика Татарстан, 420012</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marat Sh. Fazullin, student of the Faculty of Medicine,</p><p>st. Butlerova, 49, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, 420012</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7109-4275</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сахабетдинова</surname><given-names>К. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sakhabetdinova</surname><given-names>K. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сахабетдинова Камиля Наилевна, студентка лечебного факультета, </p><p>ул. Бутлерова, д. 49, г. Казань, Республика Татарстан, 420012</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kamilya N. Sakhabetdinova, student of the Faculty of Medicine, </p><p>st. Butlerova, 49, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, 420012</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4259-4281</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курбангалеев</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurbangaleev</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Курбангалеев Арсен Ирекович, канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры хирургических болезней, ул. Бутлерова, д. 49, г. Казань, Республика Татарстан, 420012;</p><p>руководитель научно-внедренческого центра эндохирургии МЗ РТ, руководитель хирургической службы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Arsen I. Kurbangaleev, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Surgical Diseases, st. Butlerova, 49, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, 420012;</p><p>Head of the Scientific and Innovative Center of Endosurgery of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan, Head of the Surgical Service </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский государственный медицинский университет;&#13;
Центральная городская клиническая больница № 18</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Medical University;&#13;
Central City Clinical Hospital No. 18</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>29</fpage><lpage>36</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сахабетдинов Б.А., Рувинская Э.О., Фазуллин М.Ш., Сахабетдинова К.Н., Курбангалеев А.И., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сахабетдинов Б.А., Рувинская Э.О., Фазуллин М.Ш., Сахабетдинова К.Н., Курбангалеев А.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sakhabetdinov B.A., Ruvinskaya E.O., Fazullin M.S., Sakhabetdinova K.N., Kurbangaleev A.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.reaviz.ru/jour/article/view/1279">https://vestnik.reaviz.ru/jour/article/view/1279</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Наружные грыжи живота остаются одной из наиболее распространённых хирургических патологий, при этом частота их развития и рецидивов во многом определяется влиянием модифицируемых факторов риска. Учитывая возможность их коррекции, изучение таких факторов имеет важное значение для профилактики и оптимизации лечения грыжевой патологии.</p><p>Целью данной работы является обобщение и анализ данных современной научной литературы, касающихся роли модифицируемых факторов в развитии наружных грыж живота.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Выполнен литературный обзор с использованием баз данных PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science и eLIBRARY. Включены публикации 2015–2025 гг., содержащие сведения о патогенезе, клиническом значении и возможностях коррекции модифицируемых факторов риска наружных грыж живота.</p><p>Результаты и их обсуждение. Установлено, что ожирение, курение, хронический кашель, гиподинамия, запоры, несбалансированное питание и нарушение коллагенообразования, а также чрезмерные физические нагрузки являются значимыми модифицируемыми факторами, повышающими риск развития наружных грыж. Их воздействие реализуется через механизмы повышения внутрибрюшного давления, ухудшения заживления и ослабления апоневротических структур. Своевременная коррекция данных факторов может существенно улучшить прогноз, снизить частоту рецидивов и повысить эффективность герниопластики.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Идентификация и модификация факторов риска должны рассматриваться как важный элемент комплексного подхода к профилактике и лечению наружных грыж живота.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. Abdominal wall hernias remain one of the most common surgical conditions, and the frequency of their development and recurrence is largely influenced by modifiable risk factors. Since these factors are subject to correction, their study is crucial for improving preventive strategies and treatment outcomes.</p><p>The aim of this study is to summarize and analyze current scientific data regarding the role of modifiable risk factors in the development of external abdominal hernias.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A literature review was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and eLIBRARY databases. Publications from 2015 to 2025 were included, focusing on the pathogenesis, clinical relevance, and corrective potential of modifiable risk factors for abdominal wall hernias.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. Obesity, smoking, chronic cough, physical inactivity, constipation, impaired nutrition and collagen synthesis, and excessive physical exertion were identified as significant modifiable factors that increase the risk of hernia development. These factors exert their effects by increasing intra-abdominal pressure, impairing wound healing, and weakening fascial structures. Timely correction of these factors can significantly improve outcomes, reduce recurrence rates, and enhance the effectiveness of hernia repair. Conclusion. Identification and modification of risk factors should be considered essential components of a comprehensive approach to the prevention and management of external abdominal hernias.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>грыжа [D006547]</kwd><kwd>грыжа брюшная [D006555]</kwd><kwd>факторы риска [D012307]</kwd><kwd>ожирение [D009765]</kwd><kwd>курение [D012907]</kwd><kwd>внутрибрюшное давление [D059325]</kwd><kwd>коллаген [D003094]</kwd><kwd>герниорафия [D059685]</kwd><kwd>рецидив [D012008]</kwd><kwd>профилактика [Q000517]</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hernia [D006547]</kwd><kwd>hernia</kwd><kwd>abdominal [D006555]</kwd><kwd>risk factors [D012307]</kwd><kwd>obesity [D009765]</kwd><kwd>smoking [D012907]</kwd><kwd>intra-abdominal pressure [D059325]</kwd><kwd>collagen [D003094]</kwd><kwd>herniorrhaphy [D059685]</kwd><kwd>recurrence [D012008]</kwd><kwd>prevention and control/Q000517]</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">HerniaSurge Group. 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