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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vmireaviz</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник медицинского института «РЕАВИЗ». Реабилитация, Врач и Здоровье</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of the Medical Institute "REAVIZ" (REHABILITATION, DOCTOR AND HEALTH)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-762X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-1579</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РЕАВИЗ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20340/vmi-rvz.2025.4.TX.1</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vmireaviz-1298</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Донорство и трансплантация органов и тканей</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Organ and tissue donation and transplantation</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Билиарные осложнения после ортотопической трансплантации печени</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Biliary complications after orthotopic liver transplantation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3322-4284</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киршин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirshin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Киршин Александр Александрович, Врач абдоминальный хирург, онколог, главный внештатный специалист-трансплантолог МЗ РТ, заместитель главного врача по медицинской части Вклад автора: разработка концепции исследования, постановка задач исследования, работа с источниками, анализ и обобщение полученных данных.</p><p>ул. Сибирский тракт, д. 29, г. Казань, 420029</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr A. Kirshin, Abdominal surgeon, oncologist, chief transplant specialist at the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan, deputy chief physician for medical affairs Author's contribution: development of the study concept, formulation of the study objectives, access to sources, analysis and summarization of the obtained data.</p><p>Sibirsky Trakt St., 29, Kazan, 420029</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2522-6096</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зиганшин</surname><given-names>Л. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ziganshin</surname><given-names>L. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зиганшин Ленар Ильдарович, Врач-хирург, онколог, эндоскопист, заведующий отделением хирургии №2 РКБ Вклад автора: работа с источниками, анализ и обобщение полученных данных.</p><p>ул. Оренбургский тракт, д. 138, г. Казань, 420064</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lenar I. Ziganshin, Surgeon, oncologist, endoscopist, Head of the Surgery Department No. 2 Author's contribution: access to sources, analysis and summarization of the obtained data.</p><p>Orenburgsky Trakt St., 138, Kazan, 420064</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4867-3194</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сахабетдинов</surname><given-names>Б. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sakhabetdinov</surname><given-names>B. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Булат Айратович Сахабетдинов, Ассистент кафедры оперативной хирургии и топографической анатомии Вклад автора: работа с источниками, анализ и обобщение полученных данных.</p><p>ул. Бутлерова, д. 49, г. Казань, 420012</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bulat A. Sakhabetdinov, Assistant Professor, Department of Operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy Author's contribution: reviewing sources, analyzing, and summarizing the obtained data.</p><p>Butlerova St., 49, Kazan, 420012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">b.sahabet@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4342-9507</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Усманова</surname><given-names>Д. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Usmanova</surname><given-names>D. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Усманова Диана Рамазановна, Ординатор кафедры хирургических болезней Вклад автора: работа с источниками, анализ и обобщение полученных данных.</p><p>ул. Бутлерова, д. 49, г. Казань, 420012</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Diana R. Usmanova, Resident, Department of Surgical Diseases Author's contribution: reviewing sources, analyzing, and summarizing the obtained data.</p><p>Butlerova St., 49, Kazan, 420012</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2914-6423</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бобрихина</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bobrikhin</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бобрихина Анастасия Сергеевна, Студентка педиатрического факультета Вклад автора: работа с источниками, анализ и обобщение полученных данных.</p><p>ул. Бутлерова, д. 49, г. Казань, 420012</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasiya S. Bobrikhina, Student, Faculty of Pediatrics Author's contribution: reviewing sources, analyzing, and summarizing the obtained data.</p><p>Butlerova St., 49, Kazan, 420012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">abobrikhina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Республиканский клинический онкологический диспансер имени профессора М.З. Сигала</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Republican Clinical Oncology Dispensary named after Professor M.Z. Sigal</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Республиканская клиническая больница</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Republican Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>182</fpage><lpage>188</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Киршин А.А., Зиганшин Л.И., Сахабетдинов Б.А., Усманова Д.Р., Бобрихина А.С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Киршин А.А., Зиганшин Л.И., Сахабетдинов Б.А., Усманова Д.Р., Бобрихина А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kirshin A.A., Ziganshin L.I., Sakhabetdinov B.A., Usmanova D.R., Bobrikhin A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.reaviz.ru/jour/article/view/1298">https://vestnik.reaviz.ru/jour/article/view/1298</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность. Билиарные осложнения занимают лидирующую позицию среди всех возможных осложнений после трансплантации печени, их частота варьирует от 10–15% до 30% при пересадке трупной печени и до 40% при трансплантации от живого донора. К ним относят стриктуры и деформации анастомоза, приводящие к механической желтухе, холангиту и нарушению функции трансплантата. Возникшая патология значительно ухудшает прогноз, поэтому требуется профилактика анастомотических стриктур, своевременная диагностика и лечение. Цель исследования: выявить частоту встречаемости билиарных осложнений после ортотопической трансплантации печени, определить факторы, способствующие их развитию. Материалы и методы. В условиях ГАУЗ РКБ с 2019 по май 2025 гг. были выполнены 264 операции по поводу ортотопической трансплантации печени, из них 258 – от трупного донора, 6 — от родственного. Ретроспективному анализу подверглись 264 пациента, среди них 77 мужчин и 187 женщин. Для статистической обработки результатов исследования использовалась программа Microsoft Excel для вычисления процентного соотношения критериев оценки. Результаты. Суммарная частота билиарных осложнений составила 10,6%. Установлено, что возникновение билиарных стриктур, деформаций и несостоятельности билиобилиарного анастомоза зависит от первичного заболевания реципиента, техники формирования билиобилиарного анастомоза, метода дренирования после билиарной реконструкции. Заключение. На основании полученных данных можно сделать вывод, что для существенного снижения частоты билиарных осложнений необходим комплексный мультидисциплинарный подход, который включает в себя cовершенствование хирургической техники, выбор оптимального метода реконструкции и дренирования желчных путей. Особое внимание должно уделяться превентивным мерам у пациентов с отягощённым билиарным анамнезом, что позволит минимизировать риск развития билиарных осложнений в постоперационном периоде.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Relevance. Biliary complications take the leading position among all possible complications after liver transplantation, their frequency varies from 10-15% to 30% in case of cadaveric liver transplantation, and up to 40% in case of transplantation from a living donor. They include: strictures and deformations of the anastomosis leading to mechanical jaundice, cholangitis and impaired graft function. The arisen pathology significantly worsens the prognosis, therefore prevention of anastomotic strictures, timely diagnostics and treatment are required. Purpose of the study. To reveal the frequency of biliary complications after orthotopic liver transplantation, to determine the factors contributing to their development. Materials and methods. 264 operations for orthotopic liver transplantation were performed in the conditions of the State Autonomous Establishment of the Republican Clinical Hospital from 2019 to May 2025. Of them 258 – from a cadaveric donor, 6 – from a related donor. A total of 264 patients were retrospectively analyzed, including 77 males and 187 females. For statistical processing of the study results Microsoft Excel program was used to calculate the percentage of evaluation criteria. Research results. The total incidence of biliary complications amounted to 10.6%. It has been established that the occurrence of biliary strictures, deformations and failure of biliobiliary anastomosis depends on the recipient's primary disease, the technique of biliobiliary anastomosis formation, and the method of drainage. Conclusion. On the basis of the obtained data we can conclude that for essential decrease of biliary complications frequency it is necessary to use complex multidisciplinary approach, which includes: improvement of surgical technique, choice of optimal method of reconstruction and drainage of biliary tracts. Special attention should be paid to preventive measures in patients with aggravated biliary anamnesis, which will minimize the risk of biliary complications in the postoperative period.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>трансплантация печени [D016031]</kwd><kwd>ортотопическая трансплантация [нет MeSH-кода]</kwd><kwd>билиарные осложнения [D001649]</kwd><kwd>билиарные стриктуры [D001650]</kwd><kwd>билиобилиарный анастомоз [D000714]</kwd><kwd>несостоятельность анастомоза [D057868]</kwd><kwd>механическая желтуха [D041781]</kwd><kwd>холангит [D002761]</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>liver transplantation [D016031]</kwd><kwd>orthotopic transplantation [нет MeSH-кода]</kwd><kwd>biliary complications [D001649]</kwd><kwd>biliary strictures [D001650]</kwd><kwd>bilio-biliary anastomosis [D000714]</kwd><kwd>anastomotic leakage [D057868]</kwd><kwd>obstructive jaundice [D041781]</kwd><kwd>cholangitis [D002761]</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sonal Sharma, Fuat H. 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