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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vmireaviz</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник медицинского института «РЕАВИЗ». Реабилитация, Врач и Здоровье</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of the Medical Institute "REAVIZ" (REHABILITATION, DOCTOR AND HEALTH)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-762X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-1579</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РЕАВИЗ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20340/vmi-rvz.2025.5.MORPH.2</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vmireaviz-1326</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Морфология, патология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Morphology, pathology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Искусственный интеллект в анализе анатомии верхнечелюстной артерии: обоснование концептуального подхода</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Artificial intelligence in maxillary artery anatomy analysis: conceptual approach rationale</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8784-7655</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Немсцверидзе</surname><given-names>Я. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nemstsveridze</surname><given-names>Ya. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Немсцверидзе Яков Элгуджович, врач-стоматолог, аспирант, ул. Чапаевская, д. 227, г. Самара, 443001;</p><p>специалист научно-инновационного отдела, Краснобогатырская ул., д. 2, стр. 2, г. Москва, 107564;</p><p>врач-клинический ординатор кафедры ортопедической стоматологии, ул. Щепкина, д. 61/2, г. Москва, 129110</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yakov E. Nemstsveridze, Dentist, Postgraduate student, Chapaevskaya St., 227, Samara, 443001;</p><p>specialist of the Scientific and Innovation Department, Krasnobogatyrskaya Street, Bldg. 2, Moscow, 107564;</p><p>doctor-clinical resident of the Department of Orthopedic Dentistry, Shchepkina Street, Bldg. 61/2, Moscow, 129110</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">9187751@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4764-3714</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Наджафов</surname><given-names>Х. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nadzhafov</surname><given-names>Kh. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наджафов Хатям Айдынович, студент 5 курса, лечебного факультета, </p><p>Краснобогатырская ул., д. 2, стр. 2, г. Москва, 107564</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Najafov Khatyam Aydynovich, 5th year student, Faculty of Medicine, </p><p>Krasnobogatyrskaya Street, Bldg. 2, Moscow, 107564</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">hatyam03@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аносова</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Anosova</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аносова Екатерина Юрьевна, врач-хирург, </p><p>пер. Абрикосовский, д. 2, г. Москва, 119435</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina Yu. Anosova, Surgeon, </p><p>Abrikosovsky lane, 2, Moscow, 119435</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5889-8675</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яремин</surname><given-names>Б. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yaremin</surname><given-names>B. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Яремин Борис Иванович, канд. мед. наук, доцент, доцент кафедры морфологии и патологии, ул. Чапаевская, д. 227, г. Самара, 443001;</p><p>заведующий кафедрой хирургических болезней, Краснобогатырская ул., д. 2, стр. 2, г. Москва, 107564;</p><p>врач-хирург, научный сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Boris Ivanovich Yaremin, Cand. Sci. (Med.),, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Morphology and Pathology, Chapaevskaya St., 227, Samara, 443001;</p><p>Head of the Department of Surgical Diseases, Krasnobogatyrskaya Street, Bldg. 2, Moscow, 107564;</p><p>surgeon, researcher</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">b.i.yaremin@reaviz.online</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Медицинский университет «Реавиз»;&#13;
Московский медицинский университет «Реавиз»;&#13;
Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М.Ф. Владимирского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Medical University "Reaviz";&#13;
Moscow medical university "Reaviz";&#13;
Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute named after M.F. Vladimirsky</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский медицинский университет «Реавиз»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow medical university "Reaviz"</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский научный центр хирургии имени академика Б.В. Петровского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Scientific Center of Surgery named after Academician B.V. Petrovsky</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Медицинский университет «Реавиз»;&#13;
Московский медицинский университет «Реавиз»;&#13;
Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Medical University "Reaviz";&#13;
Moscow medical university "Reaviz";&#13;
N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute of Emergency Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>163</fpage><lpage>180</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Немсцверидзе Я.Э., Наджафов Х.А., Аносова Е.Ю., Яремин Б.И., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Немсцверидзе Я.Э., Наджафов Х.А., Аносова Е.Ю., Яремин Б.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nemstsveridze Y.E., Nadzhafov K.A., Anosova E.Y., Yaremin B.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.reaviz.ru/jour/article/view/1326">https://vestnik.reaviz.ru/jour/article/view/1326</self-uri><abstract><p>Верхнечелюстная артерия характеризуется значительной анатомической вариабельностью, что создаёт существенные трудности при планировании хирургических вмешательств в челюстно-лицевой области. Традиционные методы предоперационной визуализации требуют значительных временных затрат на интерпретацию данных и зависят от квалификации специалиста. Накопление больших массивов медицинских изображений в формате DICOM создаёт предпосылки для применения методов машинного обучения и глубоких нейронных сетей для автоматизации анализа сосудистых структур. Настоящая работа представляет концептуальное обоснование возможности применения технологий искусственного интеллекта для выявления анатомических вариаций верхнечелюстной артерии на основании анализа данных компьютерной и конусно-лучевой томографии. Проведён анализ современного состояния применения алгоритмов глубокого обучения в медицинской визуализации сосудистых структур головы и шеи, систематизированы известные анатомические вариации верхнечелюстной артерии и их клиническая значимость, сформулированы технические требования к архитектуре потенциальной системы автоматизированного анализа. Предлагаемый концептуальный подход включает использование сверточных нейронных сетей для семантической сегментации сосудистой сети, алгоритмов трёхмерной реконструкции для визуализации топографических взаимоотношений и системы классификации выявленных вариантов строения по степени хирургического риска. Обосновывается необходимость создания специализированной обучающей выборки аннотированных изображений верхнечелюстной артерии для обеспечения высокой точности распознавания. Обсуждаются потенциальные преимущества автоматизированного анализа, включая стандартизацию диагностических подходов, снижение времени предоперационного планирования и минимизацию интраоперационных осложнений, связанных с повреждением сосудов. Признаются существующие технические и организационные ограничения внедрения подобных систем, включая необходимость валидации на больших клинических когортах и интеграции в существующие медицинские информационные системы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The maxillary artery demonstrates considerable anatomical variability, creating substantial challenges in preoperative planning for maxillofacial surgical interventions. Traditional preoperative imaging methods require significant time for data interpretation and depend heavily on specialist expertise. The accumulation of large DICOM medical image datasets creates prerequisites for applying machine learning methods and deep neural networks to automate vascular structure analysis. This work presents a conceptual rationale for applying artificial intelligence technologies to identify anatomical variations of the maxillary artery based on computed tomography and cone-beam computed tomography data analysis. We analyze the current state of deep learning algorithm applications in medical visualization of head and neck vascular structures, systematize known anatomical variations of the maxillary artery and their clinical significance, and formulate technical requirements for potential automated analysis system architecture. The proposed conceptual approach includes using convolutional neural networks for semantic segmentation of the vascular network, three-dimensional reconstruction algorithms for visualizing topographic relationships, and a classification system for identified structural variants by surgical risk degree. We substantiate the necessity of creating a specialized training dataset of annotated maxillary artery images to ensure high recognition accuracy. We discuss potential advantages of automated analysis, including standardization of diagnostic approaches, reduction of preoperative planning time, and minimization of intraoperative complications related to vascular injury. We acknowledge existing technical and organizational limitations of implementing such systems, including the need for validation on large clinical cohorts and integration into existing medical information systems.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>верхнечелюстная артерия [D008437]</kwd><kwd>искусственный интеллект [D001185]</kwd><kwd>машинное обучение [D000069550]</kwd><kwd>глубокие нейронные сети [D000069553]</kwd><kwd>медицинская визуализация [D003952]</kwd><kwd>компьютерная томография [D014057]</kwd><kwd>челюстно-лицевая хирургия [D019647]</kwd><kwd>анатомическая вариабельность [D063506]</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>maxillary artery [D008437]</kwd><kwd>artificial intelligence [D001185]</kwd><kwd>machine learning [D000069550]</kwd><kwd>deep learning [D000069553]</kwd><kwd>diagnostic imaging [D003952]</kwd><kwd>computed tomography [D014057]</kwd><kwd>oral and maxillofacial surgery [D019647]</kwd><kwd>anatomic variation [D063506]</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Touré G. 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