vmireavizВестник медицинского института «РЕАВИЗ». Реабилитация, Врач и ЗдоровьеBulletin of the Medical Institute "REAVIZ" (REHABILITATION, DOCTOR AND HEALTH)2226-762X2782-1579РЕАВИЗ10.20340/vmi-rvz.2025.6.CLIN.6vmireaviz-1340Research ArticleКЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ МЕДИЦИНАCLINICAL MEDICINEПротивотуберкулёзные терапевтические вакцины и иммунологические методы диагностики (литературный обзор)Anti-tuberculosis therapeutic vaccines and immunological diagnostic methods (literature review)https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9498-1142ТарасовР. В.TarasovR. V.

Тарасов Руслан Вячеславович. Канд. мед. наук, научный сотрудник отдела хирургии; доцент кафедры хирургических болезней; ассистент кафедры хирургических болезней

ул. Яузская аллея д. 2, г. Москва, 107564

Краснобогатырская ул., д. 2, стр. 2, Москва, 107564

ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1, г. Москва, 125993

Ruslan V. Tarasov. Cand. Sci. (Med.), Researcher, Department of Surgery; Associate Professor, Department of Surgical Diseases; Assistant Professor, Department of Surgical Diseases

Yauzskaya alley str., 2, Moscow, 107564

Krasnobogatyrskaya str., 2, building 2, Moscow, 107564

Barrikadnaya str., 2/1, building 1, Moscow, 125993

etavnai@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0005-9034-9779ТитоваМ. А.TitovaM. A.

Титова Майя Александровна. Студентка лечебного факультета

Краснобогатырская ул., д. 2, стр. 2, Москва, 107564

Mayya A. Titova. Student, Faculty of General Medicine

Krasnobogatyrskaya str., 2, building 2, Moscow, 107564

MayaTit0va11@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8745-7940ЧумоватовН. В.ChumovatovN. V.

Чумоватов Никита Владимирович. Канд. мед. наук, врач-фтизиатр, научный сотрудник отдела фтизиатрии

ул. Яузская аллея д. 2, г. Москва, 107564

Nikita V. Chumovatov. Cand. Sci. (Med.), Phthisiologist, Researcher, Department of Phthisiology

Yauzskaya alley str., 2, Moscow, 107564

necro5412@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4427-3804КомиссароваО. Г.KomissarovaO. G.

Комиссарова Оксана Геннадьевна. Д-р мед. наук, заместитель директора по научной и лечебной работе; профессор кафедры фтизиатрии

ул. Яузская аллея д. 2, г. Москва, 107564

ул. Островитянова, д. 1, г. Москва, 117513

Oksana G. Komissarova. Dr. Sci. (Med.), Deputy Director for Research and Treatment; Professor, Department of Phthisiology

Yauzskaya alley str., 2, Moscow, 107564

Ostrovityanova St., 1, Moscow, 117513

oksana.komissarova.72@mail.ruЦентральный научно-исследовательский институт туберкулеза; Московский медицинский университет «РЕАВИЗ»; Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образованияРоссияCentral Tuberculosis Research Institute; Moscow Medical University "Reaviz"; Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional EducationRussian FederationМосковский медицинский университет «РЕАВИЗ»РоссияMoscow Medical University "Reaviz"Russian FederationЦентральный научно-исследовательский институт туберкулезаРоссияCentral Tuberculosis Research InstituteRussian FederationЦентральный научно-исследовательский институт туберкулеза; Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. ПироговаCentral Tuberculosis Research Institute; N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University2025100320261565874Copyright © Тарасов Р.В., Титова М.А., Чумоватов Н.В., Комиссарова О.Г., 20262026Тарасов Р.В., Титова М.А., Чумоватов Н.В., Комиссарова О.Г.Tarasov R.V., Titova M.A., Chumovatov N.V., Komissarova O.G.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestnik.reaviz.ru/jour/article/view/1340

Проведён систематический обзор литературных источников, содержащихся в базах данных РИНЦ, PubMed, Scopus c 1947 по 2025 гг., используя ключевые слова: «БЦЖ», «иммунопрофилактика туберкулёза», «противотуберкулёзная вакцина», «иммунодиагностика туберкулёза». В исследование вошло 100 наиболее значимых в данном вопросе публикаций. Профилактика туберкулёзной инфекции является одним из наименее используемых, но важнейшим компонентом сдерживания эпидемии туберкулёза. Вакцинация, скрининг на туберкулёзную инфекцию и предоставление профилактического лечения являются ключевыми элементами профилактики туберкулёза среди населения. В данной работе мы рассмотрели историю создания вакцины БЦЖ и её текущую значимость в клинической практике, а также новые перспективные противотуберкулёзные вакцины. Кроме того, большое внимание уделено возможностям иммунологической диагностики на туберкулёзную инфекцию в современных условиях. 

A systematic review of the literature sources contained in the RSCI, PubMed, and Scopus databases from 1947 to 2025 was conducted using the keywords: "BCG", "tuberculosis immunoprophylaxis", "tuberculosis vaccine", "tuberculosis immunodiagnostics". The study included 100 of the most significant publications on this issue. Tuberculosis infection prevention is one of the least used, but an essential component of curbing the tuberculosis epidemic. Vaccination, screening for tuberculosis infection and the provision of preventive treatment are key elements of tuberculosis prevention among the population. In this paper, we reviewed the history of the BCG vaccine and its current importance in clinical practice, as well as promising new TB vaccines. In addition, much attention is paid to the possibilities of immunological diagnosis of tuberculosis infection in modern conditions. 

туберкулез [D014376]вакцинация [D014611]БЦЖ BCG [D001500]терапевтические вакцины [D019444]иммунологическая диагностика [D007159]Mycobacterium tuberculosis [D009169]иммунный ответ [D007113]вакцинные кандидаты [D019444]противотуберкулезный иммунитет [D007109]tuberculosis [D014376]vaccination [D014611]БЦЖ BCG / vaccine [D001500]therapeutic vaccines [D019444]immunological diagnosis [D007159]Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Mycobacterium tuberculosis [D009169]immune response [D007113]vaccine candidates [D019444]anti-tuberculosis immunity [D007109]ReferencesСевостьянова Т.А., Аксенова В.А., Белиловский Е.М. Осложнения после вакцинации БЦЖ/БЦЖ-М в мегаполисе. Туберкулез и болезни легких. 2016;94(6):20-24 doi: 10.21292/2075-1230-2016-94-6-20-24.Sevostyanova T.A., Aksenova V.A., Belilovsky E.M. Complications after BCG/BCG-M vaccination in a megalopolis. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.