vmireavizВестник медицинского института «РЕАВИЗ». Реабилитация, Врач и ЗдоровьеBulletin of the Medical Institute "REAVIZ" (REHABILITATION, DOCTOR AND HEALTH)2226-762X2782-1579РЕАВИЗ10.20340/vmi-rvz.2025.6.TX.2vmireaviz-1436Research ArticleДОНОРСТВО И ТРАНСПЛАНТАЦИЯ ОРГАНОВ И ТКАНЕЙORGAN AND TISSUE DONATION AND TRANSPLANTATIONФакторы риска развития посттрансплантационного сахарного диабета у реципиентов печеночного и почечного трансплантатаRisk factors for the development of posttransplant diabetes mellitus in recipients of liver and kidney transplantshttps://orcid.org/0009-0001-1027-9725ХайруллинИ. Р.KhairullinI. R.

Хайруллин Ильяс Равильевич. Аспирант, кафедра терапии 

ул. Маршала Новикова, д. 23, г. Москва,123098

Il'yas R. Khayrullin. Postgraduate Student, Department of Therapy

Marshal Novikov St., 23, Moscow, 123098

IlyasH_2010@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0003-9173-4535КордоноваО. О.KordonovaO. O.

Кордонова Ольга Олеговна. Врач-терапевт хирургического отделения № 2 Центра хирургии и трансплантологии

ул. Маршала Новикова, д. 23, г. Москва,123098

Ol'ga O. Kordonova. Physician, Surgical Department No. 2, Surgery and Transplantation Center

Marshal Novikov St., 23, Moscow, 123098

olga.kordonova@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7451-3701Бойко-РикуноваА. А.Boiko-RikunovaA. A.

Бойко-Рикунова Анастасия Алексеевна. Соискатель, кафедра хирургии с курсами онкологии, эндоскопии, хирургической патологии, клинической трансплантологии и органного донорства 

ул. Маршала Новикова, д. 23, г. Москва,123098

Anastasiya A. Boyko-Rikunova. Applicant, Department of Surgery with courses in oncology, endoscopy, surgical pathology, clinical transplantology and organ donation 

Marshal Novikov St., 23, Moscow, 123098

nastia.rik@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9006-163XГубаревК. К.GubarevK. K.

Губарев Константин Константинович. Д-р мед. наук, врач-хирург хирургического отделения № 2  

ул. Маршала Новикова, д. 23, г. Москва,123098

Konstantin K. Gubarev. Dr. Sci. (Med.), Surgeon, Surgical Department No. 

Marshal Novikov St., 23, Moscow, 123098

kkgubarev@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9523-5966ПраскурничийЕ. А.PraskurnichyE. A.

Праскурничий Евгений Аркадьевич. Д-р мед. наук, профессор, проректор по научной и инновационной работе МБУ ИНО, зав. кафедрой терапии 

ул. Маршала Новикова, д. 23, г. Москва,123098

Evgeniy A. Praskurnichy. Dr. med. Sciences, Professor, Vice-Rector for Scientific and Innovative Work MBU INO, Head. Department of Technology

Marshal Novikov St., 23, Moscow, 123098

praskurnichey@mail.ruФедеральный медицинский биофизический центр имени А.И. БурназянаРоссияA.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical CenterRussian Federation202510032026156245–253Copyright © Хайруллин И.Р., Кордонова О.О., Бойко-Рикунова А.А., Губарев К.К., Праскурничий Е.А., 20262026Хайруллин И.Р., Кордонова О.О., Бойко-Рикунова А.А., Губарев К.К., Праскурничий Е.А.Khairullin I.R., Kordonova O.O., Boiko-Rikunova A.A., Gubarev K.K., Praskurnichy E.A.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestnik.reaviz.ru/jour/article/view/1436

Посттрансплантационный сахарный диабет представляет собой одно из наиболее распространённых метаболических нарушений, развивающихся у реципиентов печени и почек при отсутствии предшествующего диабета. Данное осложнение характеризуется значительным влиянием на течение посттрансплантационного периода, приводя к повышению частоты инфекционных и сердечнососудистых событий. Современные исследования подтверждают, что наличие посттрансплантационного сахарного диабета ухудшает долгосрочные исходы трансплантации, включая снижение функции трансплантата и повышение риска летальности, что подчёркивает необходимость раннего выявления пациентов с повышенным метаболическим риском и оптимизации профилактических мер. К числу наиболее значимых факторов риска развития посттрансплантационного сахарного диабета относят пожилой возраст, повышенный индекс массы тела, дислипидемию, хронические вирусные инфекции, а также применение диабетогенных иммуносупрессивных препаратов. Многофакторность посттрансплантационного сахарного диабета обусловливает необходимость тщательной систематизации имеющихся данных, что обеспечивает возможность более целостного анализа механизмов его возникновения. Однако отсутствие стандартизированных подходов к раннему выявлению и стратификации риска по-прежнему ограничивает эффективность клинического ведения пациентов. Цель настоящего обзора заключается в систематизации данных о факторах риска посттрансплантационного сахарного диабета и анализе современных методов его ранней диагностики у реципиентов печени и почек. 

Post-transplant diabetes mellitus is one of the most common metabolic disorders developing in liver and kidney recipients without prior diabetes. This complication has a significant impact on the course of the post-transplant period, leading to an increase in the frequency of infectious and cardiovascular events. Recent studies confirm that the presence of post-transplant diabetes mellitus worsens long-term transplant outcomes, including reduced graft function and increased risk of mortality, which highlights the need for early identification of patients with increased metabolic risk and optimization of preventive measures. The most significant risk factors for the development of post-transplant diabetes mellitus include advanced age, increased body mass index, dyslipidemia, chronic viral infections, and the use of diabetogenic immunosuppressive drugs. The multifactorial nature of post-transplant diabetes mellitus necessitates careful systematization of available data, which allows for a more comprehensive analysis of its mechanisms. However, the lack of standardized approaches to early detection and risk stratification continues to limit the effectiveness of clinical management of patients. The purpose of this review is to systematize data on the risk factors for post-transplant diabetes mellitus and to analyze modern methods for its early diagnosis in liver and kidney recipients. 

герпесвирусные инфекции [D006566]опоясывающий лишай [D006562]вирус ветряной оспы [D014645]молодой взрослый [D055815]средний возраст [D008875]вич-инфекции [D015658]факторы риска [D012307]клинические проявления [–]эпидемиология [–]взрослые [D000328]herpesviridae infections [D006566]herpes zoster [D006562]herpesvirus 3human [D014645]young adult [D055815]middle aged [D008875]hiv infections [D015658]risk factors [D012307]clinical manifestations [–]epidemiology [–]adult [D000328]The authors declare that they received no funding for this study.ReferencesКосмачева Е.Д., Бабич А.Э. Сахарный диабет после трансплантации печени: патогенез, факторы риска, верификация, влияние на прогноз. Консилиум медикум. 2017; 19 (8.2.): 59–63. https://doi.org/10.26442/2075-1753_19.8.2.59-631 Kosmacheva E.D., Babich A.E. Diabetes mellitus after liver transplantation: pathogenesis, risk factors, verification, impact on prognosis. Consilium medicum. 2017; 19 (8.2.): 59–63. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.