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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vmireaviz</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник медицинского института «РЕАВИЗ». Реабилитация, Врач и Здоровье</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of the Medical Institute "REAVIZ" (REHABILITATION, DOCTOR AND HEALTH)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-762X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-1579</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РЕАВИЗ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20340/vmi-rvz.2026.1.CLIN.6</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vmireaviz-1490</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Клиническая медицина</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Clinical medicine</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Биомеханическая реконструкция передней брюшной стенки и её математическое моделирование при больших послеоперационных вентральных грыжах</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Biomechanical reconstruction of the anterior abdominal wall and its mathematical modeling in large incisional hernias</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4832-1682</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Галимов</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Galimov</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Галимов Олег Владимирович, Д-р мед. наук профессор, заведующий кафедрой хирургических болезней лечебного факультета</p><p>AuthorID: 128022</p><p>ул. Ленина, д. 3, г. Уфа, 450008, Россия</p><p>ул. Шафиева, д. 2, г. Уфа, 450096, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg V. Galimov, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Surgical Diseases, Medical Faculty</p><p>AuthorID: 128022</p><p>st. Lenina, 3, Ufa, 450008, Russia</p><p>st. Shafieva, 2, Ufa, 450096, Russia </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">galimovov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4160-2820</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бакеев</surname><given-names>М. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bakeev</surname><given-names>M. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бакеев Марат Радикович, Врач-стажер хирургического отделения Клиники; клинический ординатор кафедры хирургических болезней лечебного факультета</p><p>AuthorID: 1209734</p><p>ул. Ленина, д. 3, г. Уфа, 450008, Россия</p><p>ул. Шафиева, д. 2, г. Уфа, 450096, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marat R. Bakeev, Intern Doctor of the Surgery Department, Resident the Department of Surgical Diseases, Medical Faculty</p><p>AuthorID: 1209734</p><p>st. Lenina, 3, Ufa, 450008, Russia</p><p>st. Shafieva, 2, Ufa, 450096, Russia </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m.r.bakeev@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1880-0968</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ханов</surname><given-names>В. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khanov</surname><given-names>V. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ханов Владислав Олегович, Д-р мед. наук, доцент, профессор кафедры хирургических болезней лечебного факультета</p><p>AuthorID: 661258</p><p>ул. Ленина, д. 3, г. Уфа, 450008, Россия</p><p>ул. Шафиева, д. 2, г. Уфа, 450096, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladislav O. Khanov, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor the Department of Surgical Diseases, Medical Faculty</p><p>AuthorID: 661258</p><p>st. Lenina, 3, Ufa, 450008, Russia</p><p>st. Shafieva, 2, Ufa, 450096, Russia </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">khanovv@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8338-2766</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нагаев</surname><given-names>Ф. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nagaev</surname><given-names>F. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нагаев Фарит Робертович, Ассистент кафедры общей хирургии с курсами трансплантологии и лучевой диагностики, заведующий хирургическим отделениемКлиники </p><p>ул. Ленина, д. 3, г. Уфа, 450008, Россия</p><p>ул. Шафиева, д. 2, г. Уфа, 450096, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Farit R. Nagaev, Assistant of the Department of General  Surgery, Transplantology and X-ray Diagnostic, Head of the Surgery Department</p><p>st. Lenina, 3, Ufa, 450008, Russia</p><p>st. Shafieva, 2, Ufa, 450096, Russia </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">farit.nagaev.85@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3391-4735</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аллаяров</surname><given-names>Н. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Allayarov</surname><given-names>N. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аллаяров Наиль Динисламович, Ассистент кафедры хирургических болезней лечебного факультета, заведующий приемным отделением Клиники </p><p>ул. Ленина, д. 3, г. Уфа, 450008, Россия</p><p>ул. Шафиева, д. 2, г. Уфа, 450096, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nail' D. Allayarov, Assistant of the Department of Surgical Diseases, Head of the Emergency Department</p><p>st. Lenina, 3, Ufa, 450008, Russia</p><p>st. Shafieva, 2, Ufa, 450096, Russia </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">allayarovnd@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Башкирский государственный медицинский университет;&#13;
Клиника Башкирского государственного медицинского университета</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bashkir State Medical University;&#13;
Clinic of Bashkir State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>56</fpage><lpage>67</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Галимов О.В., Бакеев М.Р., Ханов В.О., Нагаев Ф.Р., Аллаяров Н.Д., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Галимов О.В., Бакеев М.Р., Ханов В.О., Нагаев Ф.Р., Аллаяров Н.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Galimov O.V., Bakeev M.R., Khanov V.O., Nagaev F.R., Allayarov N.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.reaviz.ru/jour/article/view/1490">https://vestnik.reaviz.ru/jour/article/view/1490</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность. Большие послеоперационные вентральные грыжи составляют серьёзную проблему современной хирургии и требуют совершенствования предоперационного планирования. Выполнение сепарационных ретромускулярных протезирующих герниопластик при гигантских и сложных вентральных грыжах ассоциировано со значительным травматизмом, большими рисками осложнений. Изучение особенностей биомеханики передней брюшной стенки может позволить улучшить результаты оперативного лечения пациентов с большими послеоперационными вентральными грыжами. Цель: разработать и внедрить в клиническую практику биомеханическую реконструктивную герниопластику с целью лечения пациентов с большими послеоперационными вентральными грыжами.Материалы и методы. Для разработки теоретической модели реконструкции передней брюшной стенки с учётом особенностей биомеханики была создана геометрическая модель брюшной полости на основании данных компьютерной томографии. Для моделирования физически стабильной линии сшивания грыжевого дефекта применены законы классической механики, интерпретирующие соотношение между напряжением тела и его деформацией. Представленная физико-математическая модель позволяет определить оптимальные расстояния растяжений для обеих сторон мышечно-апоневротических компонентов передней брюшной стенки, при которых силы упругой деформации будут уравновешивать друг друга. Для обоснования созданной концепции было проведено проспективное одноцентровое исследование с участием 74 пациентов с большими послеоперационными вентральными грыжами. В первую группу вошли 33 пациента, которым использовалась модель биомеханической реконструкции, а вторую группу составили 41 пациент, которым данный алгоритм не применялся. Результаты. Обе группы не имели статистически значимых различий на дооперационном этапе, а параметрические характеристики грыж были сопоставимы (p&gt;0,05). Выполнение биомеханической реконструкции передней брюшной стенки позволило снизить количество двусторонних (p&lt;0,001) и увеличить количество односторонних задних сепарационных пластик (p=0,014) в первой группе, по сравнению со второй. Также отмечается сокращение времени оперативного вмешательства (p=0,021), сроков госпитализации (p=0,037) и количества осложнений (p=0,682) в первой группе, по сравнению со второй. Заключение. Использование биомеханической реконструктивной герниопластики позволяет учитывать анатомо-физиологические особенности передней брюшной стенки, что находит отражение в создании стабильной линии сшивания грыжевого дефекта. Полученные теоретические преимущества экстраполируются в удовлетворительных клинических результатах, демонстрирующих снижение травматизма герниопластики больших послеоперационных вентральных грыж.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Large incisional hernias are a serious problem in modern surgery. Performing separation retromuscular prosthetic hernioplasty for complex ventral hernias is associated with significant injury and high risks of complications. Studying the biomechanics of the anterior abdominal wall may improve the results of surgical treatment of patients with large postoperative ventral hernias. Objective: to develop and substantiate, using mathematical modeling, an algorithm for performing biomechanical reconstructive hernioplasty for large incisional hernias. Materials and methods. The theoretical basis of the biomechanical reconstruction was a geometric model of the anterior abdominal wall, formed after transformations, taking into account the restoration of the true size of the abdominal cavity. To create a physically stable line of approximation of a hernial defect, the laws of classical mechanics describing the relationship between body stress and its deformation are used. The presented physico-mathematical model makes it possible to determine the optimal stretching distances for both sides of the muscular-aponeurotic sides of the anterior abdominal wall, at which the forces of elastic deformation will balance each other. To substantiate the presented concept, a prospective single-center study was conducted involving 74 patients with large postoperative ventral hernias. The first group included 33 patients for whom the biomechanical reconstruction model was applied, and the second group consisted of 41 patients for whom this algorithm was not applied. Results. Both groups had no statistically significant differences at the preoperative stage, and the parametric characteristics of hernias were comparable (p&gt;0.05). Biomechanical reconstruction of the anterior abdominal wall made it possible to reduce the number of bilateral (p&lt;0.001) and increase the number of unilateral posterior separation procedures (p=0.014) in the first group, compared with the second. There was also a reduction in the time of surgery (p=0.021), the length of hospitalization (p=0.037) and the number of complications (p=0.682) in the first group, compared with the second. Conclusion. The use of biomechanical reconstructive hernioplasty makes it possible to take into account the anatomical and physiological features of the anterior abdominal wall, which is reflected in the creation of a stable suturing line of the hernial defect.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вентральная грыжа [D006555]</kwd><kwd>послеоперационная грыжа [D000069290]</kwd><kwd>герниопластика [D059685]</kwd><kwd>хирургическая сетка [D013526]</kwd><kwd>реконструктивные хирургические процедуры [D019651]</kwd><kwd>брюшная стенка [D034941]</kwd><kwd>биомеханические явления [D001696]</kwd><kwd>теоретические модели [D008962]</kwd><kwd>математические модели [D008955]</kwd><kwd>предоперационная подготовка [D011300]</kwd><kwd>проспективные исследования [D011446]</kwd><kwd>результат лечения [D016896]</kwd><kwd>продолжительность госпитализации [D007902]</kwd><kwd>послеоперационные осложнения [D013997]</kwd><kwd>время операции [D061646]</kwd><kwd>прочность на растяжение [D013718]</kwd><kwd>конечно-элементный анализ [D020542]</kwd><kwd>поверхностные свойства [D013499]</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Hernia</kwd><kwd>Ventral [D006555]</kwd><kwd>Incisional Hernia [D000069290]</kwd><kwd>Herniorrhaphy [D059685]</kwd><kwd>Surgical Mesh [D013526]</kwd><kwd>Reconstructive Surgical Procedures [D019651]</kwd><kwd>Abdominal Wall [D034941]</kwd><kwd>Biomechanical Phenomena [D001696]</kwd><kwd>Models</kwd><kwd>Theoretical [D008962]</kwd><kwd>Models</kwd><kwd>Cardiovascular [D008955]</kwd><kwd>Preoperative Care [D011300]</kwd><kwd>Prospective Studies [D011446]</kwd><kwd>Treatment Outcome [D016896]</kwd><kwd>Length of Stay [D007902]</kwd><kwd>Postoperative Complications [D013997]</kwd><kwd>Operative Time [D061646]</kwd><kwd>Tensile Strength [D013718]</kwd><kwd>Finite Element Analysis [D020542]</kwd><kwd>Surface Properties [D013499]</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bosanquet D.C., Ansell J., Abdelrahman T., Cornish J., Harries R., Stimpson A., et al. 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