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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vmireaviz</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник медицинского института «РЕАВИЗ». Реабилитация, Врач и Здоровье</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of the Medical Institute "REAVIZ" (REHABILITATION, DOCTOR AND HEALTH)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-762X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-1579</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РЕАВИЗ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20340/vmi-rvz.2025.5.MORPH.3</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vmireaviz-1501</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Морфология, патология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Morphology, pathology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анатомическое обоснование объема тканевого дефекта при биопсии сторожевого лимфатического узла: пилотное исследование на аутопсийном материале</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Anatomical rationale for tissue defect volumein sentinel lymph node biopsy: a pilot study on autopsy samples</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5699-3695</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Багателия</surname><given-names>З. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bagateliya</surname><given-names>Z. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Багателия Зураб Антонович  </p><p>Д-р мед. наук, первый заместитель директора ГБУЗ ММНКЦ им. С.П. Боткина ДЗМ, профессор кафедры хирургии РМАНПО МЗ РФ</p><p>2-й Боткинский проезд, д. 5, г. Москва, 125284</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zurab A. Bagateliya  </p><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), first deputy of director Botkin Moscow Multidisciplinary Research Clinical Center, professor of the surgical department of Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education</p><p>2-y Botkinskiy proezd, 5, Moscow, 125284</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0584-8657</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чижиков</surname><given-names>Н. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chizhikov</surname><given-names>N. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чижиков Никита Павлович </p><p>Заведующий патологоанатомическим отделением</p><p>2-й Боткинский проезд, д. 5, г. Москва, 125284</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikita P. Chizhikov  </p><p>Head of pathology department</p><p>2-y Botkinskiy proezd, 5, Moscow, 125284</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4596-8752</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Талыбова</surname><given-names>Н. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Talybova</surname><given-names>N. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Талыбова Наталия Рамизовна </p><p>Аспирант кафедры хирургии</p><p>ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1, г. Москва, 125993</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nataliya R. Talybova </p><p>Postgraduate student of the surgical department</p><p>Barrikadnaya str., 2/1, building 1, Moscow, 125993</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9303-7640</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кислов</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kislov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кислов Максим Александрович </p><p>Д-р мед. наук, доцент, и.о. заведующего кафедрой, кафедра морфологии ИАМ, профессор, кафедра морфологии ИАМ</p><p>ул. Островитянова, д. 1, г. Москва, 117513</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maksim A. Kislov  </p><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), associate professor of department of morphology in Anatomy and Morphology Institute</p><p>Ostrovityanova St., 1, Moscow, 117513</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4709-0445</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Степанкин</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stepankin</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Степанкин Артем Юрьевич </p><p>Ординатор патологоанатомического отделения</p><p>2-й Боткинский проезд, д. 5, г. Москва, 125284</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artem Yu. Stepankin  </p><p>Resident of pathology department</p><p>2-y Botkinskiy proezd, 5, Moscow, 125284</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский многопрофильный научно-клинический центр имени С.П. Боткина</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Multidisciplinary Scientific and Clinical Center named after S.P. Botkin</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>181</fpage><lpage>190</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Багателия З.А., Чижиков Н.П., Талыбова Н.Р., Кислов М.А., Степанкин А.Ю., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Багателия З.А., Чижиков Н.П., Талыбова Н.Р., Кислов М.А., Степанкин А.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bagateliya Z.A., Chizhikov N.P., Talybova N.R., Kislov M.A., Stepankin A.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.reaviz.ru/jour/article/view/1501">https://vestnik.reaviz.ru/jour/article/view/1501</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Несмотря на меньшую инвазивность по сравнению с подмышечной лимфодиссекцией, биопсия сторожевого лимфатического узла при раке молочной железы остаётся процедурой, ассоциированной с риском развития лимфореи и лимфедемы. Одним из теоретически обоснованных подходов к профилактике данных осложнений является аутотрансплантация жировой ткани для заполнения послеоперационного тканевого дефекта, однако доказательная база этого метода отсутствует, а оптимальный объём трансплантата не определён.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: получить предварительные анатомические данные об объёме тканевого дефекта, формирующегося при биопсии сторожевого лимфатического узла, в зависимости от антропометрических параметров для обоснования дизайна проспективного клинического исследования.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Пилотное анатомическое исследование выполнено на 12 аутопсийных препаратах женского пола в возрасте 65,1±16,9 года с различным индексом массы тела. Моделирование биопсии сторожевого лимфатического узла включало стандартизированный разрез, удаление лимфоузла I уровня с окружающей клетчаткой и измерение объёма остаточного дефекта методом заполнения гипсовым раствором с последующей волюметрией. Проведён корреляционный анализ зависимости объёма дефекта от индекса массы тела и возраста.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Средний объём тканевого дефекта составил 3,5±0,6 см³. Выявлена положительная корреляция с индексом массы тела (r=0,70; p=0,012) и возрастом (r=0,61; p=0,035). Наибольший объём зафиксирован при индексе массы тела более 25 кг/м2 и в возрастной группе 72–82 года, наименьший – при индексе массы тела менее 18,5 кг/м2 и в группе 48–59 лет.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Получены предварительные анатомические данные о вариабельности объёма тканевого дефекта при моделировании биопсии сторожевого лимфатического узла. Результаты обосновывают необходимость проспективного клинического исследования для валидации метода измерения in vivo и оценки клинической значимости персонализированного подбора объёма аутотрансплантата. Трупный материал имеет критические ограничения и не позволяет экстраполировать данные в клиническую практику.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Despite being less invasive compared to axillary lymph node dissection, sentinel lymph node biopsy in breast cancer remains a procedure associated with the risk of developing lymphorrhea and lymphedema. One theoretically justified approach to preventing these complications is autologous fat tissue transplantation to fill the postoperative tissue defect; however, the evidence base for this method is absent, and the optimal transplant volume has not been determined.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To obtain preliminary anatomical data on the volume of tissue defect formed during sentinel lymph node biopsy, depending on anthropometric parameters, to justify the design of a prospective clinical study.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. A pilot anatomical study was performed on 12 female cadaveric specimens aged 65.1±16.9 years with different body mass indices. Sentinel lymph node biopsy simulation included a standardized incision, removal of level I lymph node with surrounding fat tissue, and measurement of residual defect volume using the plaster solution filling method followed by volumetry. Correlation analysis of defect volume dependence on body mass index and age was performed.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The mean tissue defect volume was 3.5±0.6 cm³. A positive correlation was found with body mass index (r=0.70; p=0.012) and age (r=0.61; p=0.035). The largest volume was recorded at body mass index over 25 kg/m² and in the age group 72-82 years; the smallest – at body mass index less than 18.5 kg/m² and in the group 48–59 years.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Preliminary anatomical data on the variability of tissue defect volume during sentinel lymph node biopsy simulation were obtained. The results justify the need for a prospective clinical study to validate the in vivo measurement method and assess the clinical significance of personalized autograft volume selection. Cadaveric material has critical limitations and does not allow extrapolation of data to clinical practice.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>биопсия сторожевого лимфатического узла [D021701]</kwd><kwd>рак молочной железы [D001943]</kwd><kwd>лимфорея [D008209]</kwd><kwd>лимфедема [D008209]</kwd><kwd>аутотрансплантация жировой ткани [D050152]</kwd><kwd>мертвое пространство [D012771]</kwd><kwd>послеоперационные осложнения [D011183]</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>sentinel lymph node biopsy [D021701]</kwd><kwd>breast neoplasms [D001943]</kwd><kwd>lymphorrhea [D008209]</kwd><kwd>lymphedema [D008209]</kwd><kwd>autologous fat transplantation [D050152]</kwd><kwd>dead space [D012771]</kwd><kwd>postoperative complications [D011183]</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lyman GH, Somerfield MR, Bosserman LD, et al. 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