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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vmireaviz</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник медицинского института «РЕАВИЗ». Реабилитация, Врач и Здоровье</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of the Medical Institute "REAVIZ" (REHABILITATION, DOCTOR AND HEALTH)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-762X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-1579</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РЕАВИЗ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20340/vmi-rvz.2025.6.TX.3</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vmireaviz-1549</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДОНОРСТВО И ТРАНСПЛАНТАЦИЯ ОРГАНОВ И ТКАНЕЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORGAN AND TISSUE DONATION AND TRANSPLANTATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка перспектив разработки перфузионного раствора нового поколения для гипотермической оксигенированной консервации донорских органов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Evaluation of the prospects for developing a next-generation perfusion solution for hypothermic oxygenated preservation of donor organs</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6362-7914</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новрузбеков</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novruzbekov</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новрузбеков Мурад Сафтарович. Д-р мед. наук, профессор, врач-хирург, руководитель научного отделения; заведующий кафедрой трансплантологии и искусственных органов им. В.П. Демихова; профессор кафедры хирургических болезней</p><p>Большая Сухаревская пл., д. 3, г. Москва, 129090</p><p>ул. Островитянова, д. 1, г. Москва, 117513</p><p>Каширское шоссе, д. 23, г. Москва, 115522</p><p>Краснобогатырская ул., д. 2, стр. 2, Москва, 107564</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Murad S. Novruzbekov. Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Surgeon, Head of the Research Department; Head of the Department of Transplantology and Artificial Organs named after V.P. Demikhov; rofessor, Department of Surgical Diseases</p><p>Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Square, 3, Moscow, 129090</p><p>Ostrovityanova St., 1, Moscow, 117513</p><p>Kashirskoe shosse, 23, Moscow, 115522</p><p>Krasnobogatyrskaya str., 2, building 2, Moscow, 107564</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5889-8675</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яремин</surname><given-names>Б. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yaremin</surname><given-names>B. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Яремин Борис Иванович. Канд. мед. наук, врач-хирург, научный сотрудник; доцент кафедры трансплантологии и искусственных органов им. В.П. Демихова;  заведующий кафедрой хирургических болезней </p><p>Большая Сухаревская пл., д. 3, г. Москва, 129090</p><p>ул. Островитянова, д. 1, г. Москва, 117513</p><p>Каширское шоссе, д. 23, г. Москва, 115522</p><p>Краснобогатырская ул., д. 2, стр. 2, Москва, 107564</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Boris I. Yaremin. Cand. Sci. (Med.), surgeon, researcher; Associate Professor; Head of the Department of Surgical Diseases</p><p>Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Square, 3, Moscow, 129090</p><p>Ostrovityanova St., 1, Moscow, 117513</p><p>Kashirskoe shosse, 23, Moscow, 115522</p><p>Krasnobogatyrskaya str., 2, building 2, Moscow, 107564</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1396-7048</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балкаров</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balkarov</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Балкаров Аслан Галиевич. Канд. мед. наук, руководитель научного отделения; доцент кафедры трансплантологии и искусственных органов им. В.П. Демихова</p><p>Большая Сухаревская пл., д. 3, г. Москва, 129090</p><p>ул. Островитянова, д. 1, г. Москва, 117513</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aslan G. Balkarov. Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Research Department; Associate Professor, V.P. Demikhov Department of Transplantology and Artificial Organs</p><p>Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Square, 3, Moscow, 129090</p><p>Ostrovityanova St., 1, Moscow, 117513</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казымов</surname><given-names>Б. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazymov</surname><given-names>B. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Казымов Бахтияр Исмет Оглы. Врач-хирург, научный сотрудник; ассистент кафедры хирургических болезней</p><p>Большая Сухаревская пл., д. 3, г. Москва, 129090</p><p>Каширское шоссе, д. 23, г. Москва, 115522</p><p>Краснобогатырская ул., д. 2, стр. 2, Москва, 107564</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bakhtiyar I. Kazymov. Surgeon, Researcher; Assistant Professor, Department of Surgical Diseases</p><p>Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Square, 3, Moscow, 129090</p><p>Kashirskoe shosse, 23, Moscow, 115522</p><p>Krasnobogatyrskaya str., 2, building 2, Moscow, 107564</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3799-7698</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Свищева</surname><given-names>П. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Svischeva</surname><given-names>P. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Свищева Полина Олеговна. Врач-патологоанатом </p><p>Большая Сухаревская пл., д. 3, г. Москва, 129090</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Polina O. Svischeva. Pathologist</p><p>Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Square, 3, Moscow, 129090</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8055-1958</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлова</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlova</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павлова Ольга Николаевна. Д-р биол. наук, заведующая кафедрой физиологии; профессор кафедры морфологии и патологии</p><p>ул. Чапаевская, д. 89, г. Самара, 443099</p><p>ул. Чапаевская, д. 227, г. Самара, 443001</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ol'ga N. Pavlova. Dr. Sci. (Biol.), Head of the Department of Physiology; Professor of the Department of Morphology and Pathology</p><p>Chapaevskaya St., 89, Samara, 443099</p><p>Chapaevskaya St., 227, Samara, 443001</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0057-9326</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ханова</surname><given-names>С. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khanova</surname><given-names>S. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ханова Сафия Магомедовна. Врач-клинический ординатор</p><p>Большая Сухаревская пл., д. 3, г. Москва, 129090</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Safiya M. Khanova. Clinical Resident</p><p>Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Square, 3, Moscow, 129090</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского; Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова; Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии имени Н.Н. Блохина; Московский медицинский университет «Реавиз»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; National Medical Research Center of Oncology named after N.N. Blokhin; Moscow Medical University "Reaviz"<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского; Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского; Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии имени Н.Н. Блохина; Московский медицинский университет «Реавиз»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine; National Medical Research Center of Oncology named after N.N. Blokhin; Moscow Medical University "Reaviz"<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru">Самарский государственный медицинский университет; Медицинский университет «Реавиз»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Samara State Medical University; Medical University "Reaviz"<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>6</issue><elocation-id>254–271</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Новрузбеков М.С., Яремин Б.И., Балкаров А.Г., Казымов Б.И., Свищева П.О., Павлова О.Н., Ханова С.М., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Новрузбеков М.С., Яремин Б.И., Балкаров А.Г., Казымов Б.И., Свищева П.О., Павлова О.Н., Ханова С.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Novruzbekov M.S., Yaremin B.I., Balkarov A.G., Kazymov B.I., Svischeva P.O., Pavlova O.N., Khanova S.M.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.reaviz.ru/jour/article/view/1549">https://vestnik.reaviz.ru/jour/article/view/1549</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Ишемически-реперфузионное повреждение остаётся центральной проблемой клинической трансплантологии, определяющей результаты операций, особенно при использовании органов от доноров с расширенными критериями и доноров после остановки кровообращения. Гипотермическая оксигенированная машинная перфузия (HOPE) зарекомендовала себя как эффективная стратегия защиты донорских органов, однако существующие консервирующие растворы (UW, HTK) разработаны для статической холодовой консервации и не оптимизированы для условий оксигенированной перфузии. Современные представления о патогенезе выявили ключевую роль обратного транспорта электронов в митохондриях и ферроптоза — механизмов, не адресуемых классическими растворами.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: анализ подходов к разработке универсального перфузионного раствора нового поколения (MITOPERF), оптимизированного для защиты от ключевых механизмов ишемически-реперфузионного повреждения: окислительного стресса, обратного транспорта электронов в митохондриях, ферроптоза и воспалительного ответа.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Разработан экспериментальный перфузионный раствор MITOPERF, содержащий 18 фармакологически активных компонентов с мультитаргетным действием: митохондриальные протекторы, антиоксиданты, антиферроптозные агенты, иммуномодуляторы и энергетические субстраты. Исследование проведено на 36 самцах крыс линии Wistar (18 — модель печени, 18 — модель почки). Животные рандомизированы на группы: Кустодиол (контроль), MITOPERF и модифицированный Кустодиол ex tempore (Кустодиол-М). Моделировали 30-минутную тепловую ишемию (условия DCD), 2-часовую гипотермическую оксигенированную перфузию и 60-минутную нормотермическую реперфузию. Оценивали биохимические маркеры повреждения (АЛТ, АСТ, креатинин, лактат), маркеры ферроптоза (4-HNE, GPX4), функциональные показатели (желчепродукция, скорость клубочковой фильтрации) и гистологические изменения.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. MITOPERF обеспечил снижение АЛТ на 76% (169±91 vs 694±247 Ед/л, p&lt;0,05) и креатинина на 64% (121±46 vs 334±97 мкмоль/л, p&lt;0,05) по сравнению с контролем. Концентрация маркера ферроптоза 4-HNE снизилась более чем в 2 раза, активность GPX4 увеличилась почти вдвое. Желчепродукция в группе MITOPERF превысила контрольную в 2,4 раза (0,74±0,24 vs 0,31±0,15 мкл/мин/г, p&lt;0,05), скорость клубочковой фильтрации — в 3,2 раза (0,76±0,29 vs 0,24±0,12 мл/мин/г, p&lt;0,05). Модифицированный Кустодиол-М показал промежуточный протективный эффект (снижение маркеров повреждения на 43–55%).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Экспериментальный раствор MITOPERF продемонстрировал proof of concept эффективной защиты паренхиматозных органов от ишемически-реперфузионного повреждения при гипотермической оксигенированной консервации. Сопоставимая протекция печени и почки подтверждает воздействие на универсальные патогенетические механизмы. Модифицированный Кустодиол ex tempore может быть рекомендован к внедрению в клиническую практику как доступная альтернатива, не требующая регистрации нового лекарственного средства. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Ischemia-reperfusion injury remains a central challenge in clinical transplantology, determining outcomes particularly when using organs from expanded criteria donors and donors after circulatory death. Hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion (HOPE) has established itself as an effective strategy for donor organ protection; however, existing preservation solutions (UW, HTK) were developed for static cold storage and are not optimized for oxygenated perfusion conditions. Current understanding of pathogenesis has revealed the key role of reverse electron transport in mitochondria and ferroptosis — mechanisms not addressed by classical solutions.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To analyze approaches to developing a next-generation universal perfusion solution (MITOPERF) optimized for protection against key mechanisms of ischemia-reperfusion injury: oxidative stress, mitochondrial reverse electron transport, ferroptosis, and inflammatory response.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. An experimental perfusion solution MITOPERF was developed, containing 18 pharmacologically active components with multitarget action: mitochondrial protectors, antioxidants, antiferroptotic agents, immunomodulators, and energy substrates. The study was performed on 36 male Wistar rats  (18 — liver model, 18 — kidney model). Animals were randomized into groups: Custodiol (control), MITOPERF, and modified Custodiol ex tempore (Custodiol-M). We modeled 30-minute warm ischemia (DCD conditions), 2-hour hypothermic oxygenated perfusion, and 60-minute normothermic reperfusion. Biochemical injury markers (ALT, AST, creatinine, lactate), ferroptosis markers (4-HNE, GPX4), functional parameters (bile production, glomerular filtration rate), and histological changes were evaluated.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. MITOPERF provided a 76% reduction in ALT (169±91 vs 694±247 U/L, p&lt;0.05) and 64% reduction in creatinine (121±46 vs 334±97 μmol/L, p&lt;0.05) compared to control. The ferroptosis marker 4-HNE concentration decreased more than 2-fold, GPX4 activity increased nearly 2-fold. Bile production in the MITOPERF group exceeded control by 2.4 times (0.74±0.24 vs 0.31±0.15 μL/min/g, p&lt;0.05), glomerular filtration rate — by 3.2 times (0.76±0.29 vs 0.24±0.12 mL/min/g, p&lt;0.05). Modified Custodiol-M showed intermediate protective effect (43–55% reduction in injury markers).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The experimental solution MITOPERF demonstrated proof of concept for effective protection of parenchymal organs from ischemia-reperfusion injury during hypothermic oxygenated preservation. Comparable protection of liver and kidney confirms action on universal pathogenetic mechanisms. Modified Custodiol ex tempore may be recommended for clinical implementation as an accessible alternative not requiring new drug registration.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гипотермическая оксигенированная машинная перфузия [D058725]</kwd><kwd>ишемически-реперфузионное повреждение [D015427]</kwd><kwd>консервация органов [D009926]</kwd><kwd>консервирующие растворы [D016378]</kwd><kwd>трансплантация печени [D016031]</kwd><kwd>трансплантация почки [D016030]</kwd><kwd>митохондрии [D008928]</kwd><kwd>окислительный стресс [D018384]</kwd><kwd>ферроптоз [D000076202]</kwd><kwd>донорство после остановки кровообращения [D020858]</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion [D058725]</kwd><kwd>ischemia-reperfusion injury [D015427]</kwd><kwd>organ preservation [D009926]</kwd><kwd>organ preservation solutions [D016378]</kwd><kwd>liver transplantation [D016031]</kwd><kwd>kidney transplantation [D016030]</kwd><kwd>mitochondria [D008928]</kwd><kwd>oxidative stress [D018384]</kwd><kwd>ferroptosis [D000076202]</kwd><kwd>donation after circulatory death [D020858]</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Исследование поддержано грантом Московского центра инновационных технологий в здравоохранении №2312-15/22.</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>This study was supported by a grant from the Moscow Center for Innovative Technologies in Healthcare No. 2312-15/22.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shabunin A.V., Loran O.B., Pushkar D.Yu., Veliev E.I., Minina M.G., Drozdov P.A., Astapovich S.A., Lidzhieva E.A. 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