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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vmireaviz</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник медицинского института «РЕАВИЗ». Реабилитация, Врач и Здоровье</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of the Medical Institute "REAVIZ" (REHABILITATION, DOCTOR AND HEALTH)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-762X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-1579</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РЕАВИЗ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20340/vmi-rvz.2021.3.MORPH.1</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vmireaviz-209</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Морфология, патология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Morphology, pathology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>КЛИНИКО-ПАТОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ НЕСПЕЦИФИЧЕСКОГО ЯЗВЕННОГО КОЛИТА И БОЛЕЗНИ КРОНА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>CLINICOPATHOLOGIC PECULIARITIES OF NONSPECIFIC ULCERATIVE COLITIS AND CROHN'S DISEASE</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1500-5122</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стрелкова</surname><given-names>С. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Strelkova</surname><given-names>S. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> студентка 4 курса лечебного факультета</p><p>Ижевск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Izhevsk </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">strelkovasof@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5731-3743</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мурзина</surname><given-names>Г. З.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Murzina</surname><given-names>G. Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> студентка 4 курса лечебного факультета</p><p>Ижевск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Izhevsk </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mguluza@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4311-3959</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Валетдинов</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Valetdinov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> студент 4 курса лечебного факультета</p><p>Ижевск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Izhevsk </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">damir.valetdinov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4159-2674</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стяжкина</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Styajkina</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры факультетской хирургии</p><p>Ижевск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Izhevsk </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sstazkina064@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6944-2083</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кирьянов</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kiryanov</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> доктор медицинских наук, заведующий кафедрой патологической анатомии</p><p>Ижевск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Izhevsk </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kirnik@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6868-8591</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тихомирова</surname><given-names>Г. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tihomirova</surname><given-names>G. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> доктор медицинских наук, доцент кафедры общей хирургии</p><p>Ижевск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Izhevsk </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ижевская государственная медицинская академия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Izhevsk State Medical Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>05</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>20</fpage><lpage>27</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Стрелкова С.Д., Мурзина Г.З., Валетдинов Д.А., Стяжкина С.Н., Кирьянов Н.А., Тихомирова Г.И., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Стрелкова С.Д., Мурзина Г.З., Валетдинов Д.А., Стяжкина С.Н., Кирьянов Н.А., Тихомирова Г.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Strelkova S.D., Murzina G.Z., Valetdinov D.A., Styajkina S.N., Kiryanov N.A., Tihomirova G.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.reaviz.ru/jour/article/view/209">https://vestnik.reaviz.ru/jour/article/view/209</self-uri><abstract><p> В настоящее время воспалительные заболевания кишечника (ВЗК), в частности неспецифический язвенный колит (НЯК) и болезнь Крона (БК), являются чрезвычайно актуальной проблемой. Заболеваемость как язвенным колитом, так и болезнью Крона во всем мире растет с каждым годом, причем в основном среди трудоспособного населения, что делает воспалительные заболевания кишечника социально значимым  заболеванием. Клиническая картина ВЗК разнообразна, что зачастую  затрудняет своевременную диагностику и назначение адекватной терапии и неизбежно негативно сказывается на прогнозе заболевания. Вот некоторые характеристики НЯК и БК. Результаты гистограмм, полученные в ходе многочисленных исследований, свидетельствуют о следующем: при  болезни Крона толщина кишечной стенки часто значительно увеличена. В  слизистой оболочке выявляются щелевидные язвенные дефекты, в дне которых имеются признаки воспаления в виде инфильтрации дна язв лейкоцитами, лимфоцитами, гистиоцитами. Что касается колита, то на основании приведенных клинических случаев можно сделать вывод, что для детей и подростков характерно тотальное поражение толстой кишки и появление сегментарных форм. У взрослых пациентов преобладает  дистальный колит, так называемый проктосигмоидит. При осмотре слизистая оболочка была отечной, ярко гиперемированной, с  поверхностными эрозиями. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p> Currently, inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), in nonspecific ulcerative colitis (NUC) and Crohn's disease (CD), are an extremely urgent problem. The incidence of both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease worldwide is increasing every year, and mainly among the working-age population, which makes inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) a socially significant disease. The clinical picture of IBD is diverse, which often makes it difficult to timely diagnose and prescribe adequate therapy and inevitably negatively affects the prognosis of diseases. Here are some of the characteristics of the NUC and CD. The histogram results of numerous studies indicate the following: in Crohn's disease (CD), the thickness of the intestinal wall is often significantly increased. In the mucous membrane, slit-like ulcerative defects are detected, in the bottom of which there are signs of inflammation in the form of infiltration of the bottom of the ulcers by leukocytes, lymphocytes, histiocytes. As for colitis, based on these clinical cases, it can be concluded that children and adolescents are  characterized by a total lesion of the colon and the appearance of segmental forms. In adult patients, distal colitis, the so-called proctosigmoiditis, prevails.  On examination, the mucous membrane was edematous, vividly hyperemic,  edematous, with superficial erosions. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>болезнь Крона</kwd><kwd>неспецифический язвенный колит</kwd><kwd>воспалительное заболевание кишечника</kwd><kwd>гастроэнтерология</kwd><kwd>патоморфология</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Crohn's disease</kwd><kwd>nonspecific ulcerative colitis</kwd><kwd>inflammatory bowel disease</kwd><kwd>gastroenterology</kwd><kwd>pathomorphology</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Crohn's disease. Clinical recommendation MH RF. 2020. P. 52</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Crohn's disease. Clinical recommendation MH RF. 2020. 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