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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vmireaviz</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник медицинского института «РЕАВИЗ». Реабилитация, Врач и Здоровье</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of the Medical Institute "REAVIZ" (REHABILITATION, DOCTOR AND HEALTH)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-762X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-1579</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РЕАВИЗ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20340/vmi-rvz.2022.3.CLIN.4</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vmireaviz-441</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Клиническая медицина</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Clinical medicine</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Диабетическая дистальная полинейропатия: профилактика, лечение и реабилитация (обзор литературы)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diabetic distal polyneuropathy: prevention, treatment and rehabilitation (review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4213-5379</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Морозов</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Morozov</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Морозов Артем Михайлович, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры общей хирургии</p><p>SPIN-код 6815-9332</p><p>Тверь</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tver </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">belyakmariah@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6443-0793</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сороковикова</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sorokovikova</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сороковикова Татьяна Викторовна, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры неврологии, реабилитации и нейрохирургии</p><p>SPIN-код 5501-2061</p><p>Тверь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tver </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">belyakmariah@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3145-9776</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жуков</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhukov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жуков Сергей Владимирович, доктор медицинских наук, заведующий кафедрой медицины катастроф и скорой медицинской помощи</p><p>SPIN-код 7604-1244</p><p>Тверь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tver </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">belyakmariah@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5816-1681</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Минакова</surname><given-names>Ю. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Minakova</surname><given-names>YU. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минакова Юлия Евгеньевна, студентка лечебного факультета</p><p>SPIN-код 9524-1617</p><p>Тверь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tver </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">belyakmariah@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6125-7676</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беляк</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belyak</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Беляк Мария Александровна, студентка 4 курса лечебного факультета</p><p>SPIN-код 5449-65802</p><p>Тверь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tver </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">belyakmariah@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Тверской государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tver State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>68</fpage><lpage>77</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Морозов А.М., Сороковикова Т.В., Жуков С.В., Минакова Ю.Е., Беляк М.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Морозов А.М., Сороковикова Т.В., Жуков С.В., Минакова Ю.Е., Беляк М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Morozov A.M., Sorokovikova T.V., Zhukov S.V., Minakova Y.E., Belyak M.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.reaviz.ru/jour/article/view/441">https://vestnik.reaviz.ru/jour/article/view/441</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. В связи с изменением образа жизни распространенность сахарного диабета возрастает во всем мире. Диабет может в различных формах поражать нервную систему в виде появления когнитивных расстройств, моно- или полиневропатиями, заканчивающимися трофическими нарушениями и «диабетической стопой» и дистальной симметричной сенсорно-моторной полиневропатией. В современной литературе имеется значительное количество исследований в области методов профилактики, лечения и реабилитации больных сахарным диабетом, сопровождающимся поражением нервной системы, однако отсутствует обобщенная информация по комплексному разбору доступных на данный момент методик.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: изучить доступные и современные методы реабилитации пациентов с диабетическим поражением периферической нервной системы.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p> Материалы и методы. В ходе настоящего исследования были проанализированы наиболее актуальные отечественные и зарубежные литературные источники, содержащие информацию о видах диабетического поражения периферической нервной системы, патогенезе и реабилитации пациентов с данными патологиями.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Анализ современной литературы показал большую вариативность профилактики, лечения и реабилитации пациентов с дистальной диабетической полинейропатией. Медикаментозная терапия является эффективной, однако при долговременном приёме может сопровождаться осложнениями со стороны систем организма. Физиотерапевтическая терапия не уступает в разнообразии, влияя на нервную, сосудистую и эпителиальную ткань различными методами – электрическим током, магнитным полем, лазерными лучами или фотохромо-излучением можно получить желаемый анальгетический эффект. Необходимость в соблюдении образа жизни также является важнейшей частью терапии пациентов: поддержание нормогликемии, отказ от курения и рациональная физическая нагрузка.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Лечение и реабилитация пациентов с диабетической дистальной болевой полинейропатией – большая проблема для невролога-клинициста. В современных источниках имеется значительное разнообразие методов коррекции данного состояния, как медикаментознозных, так и физиотерапевтических. Лекарственные средства в качестве первой линии коррекции соматосенсорных нарушений – необходимый пункт в плане лечения, но следует помнить о побочных действиях любого назначаемого препарата и медленном наступлении желаемого эффекта. Это необходимо для грамотной подготовки пациента к тяжелому и длительному процессу реабилитации. Среди наиболее эффективных препаратов можно выделить препараты группы антиконвульсантов и тиоктовую кислоту. Возможный обход побочных эффектов от медикаментозной терапии – назначение физиотерапии, корректируя медикаментозное лечение. Значительный эффект, на основании представленных исследований, наблюдается при применении магнитотерапии в комплексе с инфракрасным излучением, чрескожной электростимуляции нерва и импульсного тока с вакуумным воздействием.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. Due to lifestyle changes, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing worldwide. Diabetes can affect the nervous system in various forms in the form of cognitive disorders, mono- or polyneuropathies ending in trophic disorders and "diabetic foot"; and distal symmetrical sensory-motor polyneuropathy. In the modern literature there is a significant amount of research in the field of methods of prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of patients with diabetes mellitus, accompanied by damage to the nervous system, but there is no generalized information on a comprehensive analysis of currently available techniques.</p></sec><sec><title>The purpose of study</title><p>The purpose of study. To study the available and most modern methods of rehabilitation of patients with diabetic damage to the nervous system with subsequent systematization of information.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The most relevant domestic and foreign literature sources containing information on the types of diabetic lesions of the nervous system, pathogenesis and rehabilitation of patients with these pathologies were analyzed.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. An analysis of modern literature has shown a great variability in the prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of patients with distal diabetic polyneuropathy. Drug therapy is effective, however, with long-term use, it can be accompanied by complications from the body systems. Physiotherapeutic therapy is not inferior in variety, affecting the nervous, vascular and epithelial tissue by various methods – electric current, magnetic field, laser beams or photochromo-radiation, you can get the desired analgesic effect. The need for lifestyle is also an important part of patient therapy: maintenance of normoglycemia, smoking cessation and special physical activity.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Treatment and rehabilitation of patients with diabetic distal painful polyneuropathy is a big problem for a neurologist-clinician. In modern sources, there is a significant variety of methods for correcting this condition, both medication and physiotherapy. Drugs as the first line of correction of somatosensory disorders are a necessary point in the treatment plan, but it is necessary to remember the side effects of any prescribed drug, the slow onset of the desired analgesic effect. This is necessary for the competent preparation of the patient for a difficult and lengthy rehabilitation process. Among the most effective drugs are gabapentin and prebagalin, drugs of the anticonvulsant group and thioctic acid. A possible bypass of side effects from drug therapy is the appointment of physical therapy, adjusting drug treatment. A significant effect, based on the presented studies, is observed when using magnetotherapy in combination with infrared radiation, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and impulse current with vacuum exposure.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сахарный диабет</kwd><kwd>диабетическая полинейропатия</kwd><kwd>«диабетическая стопа»</kwd><kwd>физиотерапия</kwd><kwd>кинейзиотейпирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>diabetic polyneuropathy</kwd><kwd>cognitive impairment</kwd><kwd>physiotherapy</kwd><kwd>kinesio taping</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Котова О.В., Акарачкова Е.С., Беляев А.А. Неврологические осложнения сахарного диабета. Медицинская сестра. 2019;9:40-44.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kotova O.V., Akarachkova E.S., Belyaev A.A. 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