vmireavizВестник медицинского института «РЕАВИЗ». Реабилитация, Врач и ЗдоровьеBulletin of the Medical Institute "REAVIZ" (REHABILITATION, DOCTOR AND HEALTH)2226-762X2782-1579РЕАВИЗ10.20340/vmi-rvz.2022.4.MORPH.3vmireaviz-473Research ArticleМорфология, патологияMorphology, pathologyДисфункция эпителиального барьера при бронхиальной астмеEpithelial barrier dysfunction in bronchial asthmahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2396-5054ХрамоваР. Н.KhramovaR. N.

Храмова Регина Ниязовна, аспирант кафедры госпитальной педиатрии

Нижний Новгород

Nizhny Novgorod

reg1705@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1769-3670ЕлисееваТ. И.EliseevaT. I.

Елисеева Татьяна Ивановна, доктор медицинских наук, доцент, профессор кафедры госпитальной педиатрии

Нижний Новгород

Nizhny Novgorod

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7228-344XПотёминаТ. Е.PoteminaT. E.

Потёмина Татьяна Евгеньевна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой патологический физиологии

Нижний Новгород

Nizhny Novgorod

Приволжский исследовательский медицинский университетРоссияPrivolzhsky Research Medical UniversityRussian Federation202206062022045661Copyright © Храмова Р.Н., Елисеева Т.И., Потёмина Т.Е., 20222022Храмова Р.Н., Елисеева Т.И., Потёмина Т.Е.Khramova R.N., Eliseeva T.I., Potemina T.E.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestnik.reaviz.ru/jour/article/view/473

В основе патогенеза бронхиальной астмы лежит хроническое воспаление как ответ на этиологические факторы. Оно обуславливает бронхиальную гиперреактивность, ремоделирование дыхательных путей и гиперсекрецию слизи. Повреждение эпителия является патологическим признаком, наблюдаемым при всех фенотипах бронхиальной астмы. Цель данного обзора: провести анализ изменений в эпителиальном барьере при бронхиальной астме, отразить потенциальные терапевтические пути воздействия. Изменения в эпителиальном барьере включают в себя нарушение соотношения муцинов (MUC5AC к MUC5B), нарушения межклеточных соединений при воздействии аллергенов, инфекционных агентов, взвешенных частиц. В настоящее время разрабатываются различные диагностические подходы для обнаружения дисфункции эпителиального барьера. Воздействие на эпителиальный барьер дыхательных путей может стать многообещающей новой терапевтической стратегией при астме и связанных с ней аллергических заболеваниях. Сохранение или восстановление функции барьера дыхательных путей является новой областью респираторных заболеваний, требующей обширных дальнейших исследований.

The pathogenesis of bronchial asthma is based on chronic inflammation as a response to etiological factors. It causes bron-chial hyperreactivity, remodeling of the respiratory tract and hypersecretion of mucus. Epithelial damage is a pathological sign observed in all bronchial asthma phenotypes. The purpose of this review: to analyze changes in the epithelial barrier in bronchial asthma, to reflect potential therapeutic ways of exposure. Changes in the epithelial barrier include a violation of the ratio of mucins (MUC5AC to MUC5B), violations of intercellular connections when exposed to allergens, infectious agents, suspended particles. Currently, various diagnostic approaches are being developed to detect epithelial barrier dysfunction. Exposure to the epithelial barrier of the respiratory tract may be a promising new therapeutic strategy for asthma and related allergic diseases. The preservation or restoration of the function of the air-way barrier is a new area of respiratory diseases that requires extensive further research.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.