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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vmireaviz</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник медицинского института «РЕАВИЗ». Реабилитация, Врач и Здоровье</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of the Medical Institute "REAVIZ" (REHABILITATION, DOCTOR AND HEALTH)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-762X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-1579</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РЕАВИЗ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20340/vmi-rvz.2022.5.TX.1</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vmireaviz-506</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Трансплантация органов и тканей</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Organ and tissue transplantation</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Отдалённые результаты трансплантации гемопоэтических стволовых клеток от сингенного донора у пациентов с заболеваниями системы крови</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The late outcomes of syngeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with blood disorders</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2198-4331</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дмитрова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dmitrova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрова Анна Александровна - врач-гематолог отделения химиотерапии гемобластозов и трансплантации костного мозга и гемопоэтических стволовых клеток.</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Moscow.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.admitrova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6201-6276</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузьмина</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuz'mina</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кузьмина Лариса Анатольевна - врач-гематолог, кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий отделением химиотерапии гемобластозов и трансплантации костного мозга и гемопоэтических стволовых клеток.</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Moscow. </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kuzlara@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0904-7385</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильева</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasil'eva</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Васильева Вера Алексеевна - врач-гематолог, кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий отделением иммунохимиотерапии с дневным стационаром для больных после ТКМ и группой поиска потенциальных доноров.</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Moscow. </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vasilievava4@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9431-8316</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дроков</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Drokov</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дроков Михаил Юрьевич - врач-гематолог, кандидат медицинских наук, руководитель сектора по изучению иммунных воздействий и осложнений после ТКМ.</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Moscow. </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mdrokov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6177-3566</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Паровичникова</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Parovichnikova</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Паровичникова Елена Николаевна - врач-гематолог, доктор медицинских наук, генеральный директор.</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Moscow. </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elenap@blood.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр гематологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Center for Hematology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>10</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>94</fpage><lpage>105</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Дмитрова А.А., Кузьмина Л.А., Васильева В.А., Дроков М.Ю., Паровичникова Е.Н., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дмитрова А.А., Кузьмина Л.А., Васильева В.А., Дроков М.Ю., Паровичникова Е.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dmitrova A.A., Kuz'mina L.A., Vasil'eva V.A., Drokov M.Y., Parovichnikova E.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.reaviz.ru/jour/article/view/506">https://vestnik.reaviz.ru/jour/article/view/506</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Трансплантация гемопоэтических стволовых клеток (ТГСК) от сингенного донора - это вид трансплантации, при которой донором стволовых клеток является генетически идентичный (монозиготный) близнец реципиента. При этом виде трансплантации нет такого иммунологического конфликта, как реакция «трансплантат против хозяина», но в то же время нет и положительного эффекта - реакции «трансплантат против лейкемии». Цель: оценить показатели общей выживаемости, бессобытийной выживаемости, частоты развития рецидива, вероятность летальности, связанной с трансплантацией, после трансплантации от сингенного донора. Методы. В отделении высокодозной химиотерапии и трансплантации костного мозга ФГБУ «НМИЦ гематологии» Минздрава России за период с января 1988 года по декабрь 2018 года было выполнено 654 алло-ТГСК, из них от сингенного донора - 17 пациентам (2,5 %). Нами был проведён «парный» анализ с пациентами после алло-ТГСК от родственного HLA-идентичного донора. В группу 1 были отобраны пациенты после алло-ТГСК от HLA-идентичного родственного донора (n = 28), в группу 2 были включены пациенты после трансплантации от сингенного донора (n = 14). Пациенты с диагнозом «апластическая анемия» (n = 3) были исключены из «парного» анализа. Результаты. У пациентов в группе после трансплантации от сингенного донора не отмечалось развитие реакции «трансплантат против хозяина». В 50,0 % случаев (n = 7) развился рецидив основного заболевания. В 35,7 % случаев (n = 5) была констатирована смерть, из них у 4 пациентов - вследствие рецидива заболевания, у одного - по причине несостоятельности трансплантата. В группе родственных алло-ТГСК у 4 пациентов смерть наступила вследствие развития рецидива, у 1 - из-за отторжения, у 5 пациентов -из-за летальности, связанной с ТГСК. Частота развития рецидивов у пациентов в группе сингенных ТГСК была выше и составила 18,4 % против 54,2 % (p = 0,047) для трансплантации от родственного HLA-идентичного донора и сингенного донора соответственно. Общая и бессобытийная выживаемость у пациентов после выполнения трансплантации от сингенного донора сопоставимы с показателями у пациентов после алло-ТГСК от HLA-идентичного. Заключение. Выполнение трансплантации от сингенного донора является оправданным при отсутствии иного родственного или неродственного донора гемопоэтических стволовых клеток. Использование миелоаблативных режимов кондиционирования, периферических стволовых клеток в качестве источника трансплантата или больших доз миелокариоцитов в случае использования костного мозга улучшит посттрансплантационные показатели у пациентов после ТГСК от сингенного донора.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. Syngeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a type of allogeneic stem cell transplantation when the donor of stem cells is a genetically identical (monozygotic) twin of the recipient. After this type of transplantation, there is no immunological conflict as the graft versus host disease, but at the same time, there is no positive effect of the graft-versus-leukemia effect. Aim: to assess the overall survival, event-free survival, probability of relapse, and transplant-related mortality rates associated with syngeneic stem cell transplantation. Patients and methods. In the National Research Center for Hematology from January 1988 to December 2018 we performed 654 allo-HSCT: 17 (2.5%) of them from a syngeneic donor. We performed a «paired analysis» with patients after allo-HSCT from a HLA-identical sibling donor. We included patients after allo-HSCT from an HLA-identical related donor (n = 28) in Group 1 and patients after syngeneic stem cell transplantation in group 2 (n = 14). Patients with aplastic anemia (n = 3) were excluded from the «paired analysis». Results. Patients after syngeneic stem cell transplantation did not develop a graft-versus-host disease. The relapse developed in 50% of cases (n = 7). Five patients (35.7%) died: 4 of them due to the relapse of the disease, and 1 - due to the graft failure. The relapse probability in patients after syngeneic HSCT was higher and amounted to 18.4% versus 54.2% (p = 0.047) for allo-HSCT from HLA-identical sibling donor and a syngeneic donor, respectively. Overall and event-free survival in patients after syngeneic HSCT is comparable to those in patients after allo-HSCT from an HLA-identical sibling donor. Conclusion. Syngeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is justified in the absence of another related or unrelated donor of hematopoietic stem cells. The use of myeloablative conditioning regimens, peripheral blood stem cells as a source of stem cells, or high doses of nucleated cells/kg in the case of using bone marrow will improve post-transplant parameters in patients after syngeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>трансплантация аллогенных гемопоэтических стволовых клеток</kwd><kwd>трансплантация гемопоэтических клеток от сингенного донора</kwd><kwd>иммуносупрессивная терапия</kwd><kwd>монозиготные близнецы</kwd><kwd>реакция «трансплантат против лейкоза»</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation</kwd><kwd>syngeneic stem cell transplantation</kwd><kwd>immunosuppressive therapy</kwd><kwd>monozygotic twins</kwd><kwd>graft-versus-host disease</kwd><kwd>graft-versus-leukemia effect</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Barriga F., Ramírez P., Wietstruck A. et al. 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