<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vmireaviz</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник медицинского института «РЕАВИЗ». Реабилитация, Врач и Здоровье</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of the Medical Institute "REAVIZ" (REHABILITATION, DOCTOR AND HEALTH)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-762X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-1579</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РЕАВИЗ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20340/vmi-rvz.2022.6.CLIN.5</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vmireaviz-565</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Клиническая медицина</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Clinical medicine</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эффективность комбинации венетоклакса и гипометилирующих агентов при лечении пациентов с первичным, рецидивирующим и/или рефрактерным острым миелоидным лейкозом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Efficacy of the combination of venetoclax and hypomethylating agents in the treatment of patients with primary, relapsed and/or refractory acute myeloid leukemia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3870-9886</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Усикова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Usikova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Усикова Екатерина Владимировна, врач-гематолог отделения гематологии № 11, научный сотрудник научно-клинического отдела</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kateusikova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6574-0518</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Капланов</surname><given-names>К. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaplanov</surname><given-names>K. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Капланов Камиль Даниялович, врач-гематолог, кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий отделением гематологии № 11, научный сотрудник научно-клинического отдела</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kamilos@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2692-8961</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воробьев</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vorob'ev</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Воробьев Владимир Иванович, врач-гематолог, кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий отделением трансплантации костного мозга и гемопоэтических стволовых клеток № 56</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">morela@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6407-0428</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лобанова</surname><given-names>Т. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lobanova</surname><given-names>T. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лобанова Татьяна Игоревна, кандидат медицинских наук, врач-гематолог отделения гематологии № 11</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lobanova_tanya@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4977-1482</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ульянова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ul'yanova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ульянова Маргарита Андреевна, врач-гематолог отделения трансплантации костного мозга и гемопоэтических стволовых клеток № 56</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ulyanova.rita@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5683-4931</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кисиличина</surname><given-names>Д. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kisilichina</surname><given-names>D. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кисиличина Дарья Григорьевна, врач клинической лабораторной диагностики, кандидат медицинских наук, научный сотрудник научно-клинического отдела; доцент кафедры клинической лабораторной диагностики</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kisilichina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0362-1905</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кобзев</surname><given-names>Ю. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kobzev</surname><given-names>Yu. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кобзев Юрий Николаевич, врач клинической лабораторной диагностики, кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий молекулярно-биологической лабораторией Московского городского гематологического центра, научный сотрудник научно-клинического отдела</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kobzevyun@botkinmoscow.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1384-1621</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шихбабаева</surname><given-names>Д. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shikhbabaeva</surname><given-names>D. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шихбабаева Джарият Исмаиловна, врач-гематолог Московского городского гематологического центра, кандидат медицинских наук, научный сотрудник научно-клинического отдела</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">djeri.shih@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3669-0141</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Виноградова</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vinogradova</surname><given-names>O. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Виноградова Ольга Юрьевна, врач-гематолог, доктор медицинских наук, заведующая Московским городским гематологическим центром; профессор кафедры гематологии, онкологии и лучевой терапии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olgavinz@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9368-6050</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Птушкин</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ptushkin</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Птушкин Вадим Вадимович, врач-гематолог, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заместитель главного врача по гематологии, главный внештатный специалист гематолог Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vadimvadim@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Городская клиническая больница имени С.П. Боткина</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Botkin City Clinical Hospital, Moscow City Hematology Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Городская клиническая больница имени С.П. Боткина; Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Botkin City Clinical Hospital, Moscow City Hematology Center; Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Городская клиническая больница имени С.П. Боткина; Российский национальный исследовательский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Botkin City Clinical Hospital, Moscow City Hematology Center; N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>11</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>64</fpage><lpage>77</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Усикова Е.В., Капланов К.Д., Воробьев В.И., Лобанова Т.И., Ульянова М.А., Кисиличина Д.Г., Кобзев Ю.Н., Шихбабаева Д.И., Виноградова О.Ю., Птушкин В.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Усикова Е.В., Капланов К.Д., Воробьев В.И., Лобанова Т.И., Ульянова М.А., Кисиличина Д.Г., Кобзев Ю.Н., Шихбабаева Д.И., Виноградова О.Ю., Птушкин В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Usikova E.V., Kaplanov K.D., Vorob'ev V.I., Lobanova T.I., Ul'yanova M.A., Kisilichina D.G., Kobzev Y.N., Shikhbabaeva D.I., Vinogradova O.Y., Ptushkin V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.reaviz.ru/jour/article/view/565">https://vestnik.reaviz.ru/jour/article/view/565</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность и цели</title><p>Актуальность и цели. Лечение пациентов с острым миелоидным лейкозом традиционно является высокоинтенсивным и включает в себя индукционную терапию с использованием цитарабина и анатрациклинов. Помимо новых возможностей в лечении с острого миелоидного лейкоза, достаточно остро стоит проблема токсичности проводимой высокоинтенсивной терапии у пожилых и молодых соматически отягощённых пациентов. Международные клинические исследования I-III фаз продемонстрировали сочетание высокой эффективности и приемлемой гематологической токсичности комбинаций гипометилирующих агентов и венетоклакса в первой линии терапии, а также в терапии резистентных форм и рецидивов острого миелоидного лейкоза в старшей возрастной группе, что способствовало изучению эффективности комбинаций гипометилирующих агентов и венетоклакса в терапии аналогичных групп молодых коморбидных пациентов. В данной работе проведена оценка эффективности комбинации гипометилирующих агентов и венетоклакса и показателей общей и безрецидивной выживаемости у пациентов с острым миелоидным лейкозом в рутинной практике.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. В период с октября 2017 г. по декабрь 2021 г. на базе отделения гематологии № 11 и отделения трансплантации костного мозга и гемопоэтических стволовых клеток № 56 ГБУЗ «ГКБ имени С.П. Боткина» ДЗМ 33 пациента с острым миелоидным лейкозом получили терапию венетоклаксом в сочетании с децитабином или азацитидином: 14 (42 %) мужчин и 19 (58 %) женщин, медиана возраста – 60 лет (23–83 года). В 42 % (14 из 33) случаев режим назначен при резистентном течении или рецидиве острого миелоидного лейкоза и в 61 % (20 из 33) – в качестве индукционной терапии. Трое пациентов (15 %) из 19 из группы впервые диагностированного острого миелоидного лейкоза получили данную схему терапии в первой линии с учётом статуса ECOG 3-4. К августу 2022 г. живы 13 (39 %) пациентов, умерло 20 (61 %) человек. Проведена оценка общей выживаемости, частоты развития полной ремиссии и полной ремиссии с неполным восстановлением, скорости достижения негативности минимальной остаточной болезни, частоты гематологической токсичности и инфекционных осложнений. При статистической обработке данных использовались: частотный анализ с применением таблиц сопряжённости (точный критерий Фишера), анализ выживаемости по методу Каплана – Мейера.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Полная ремиссия и полная ремиссия с неполным восстановлением достигнуты у 72,72 % (24 из 33) пациентов. В группе первичного острого миелоидного лейкоза ремиссии констатированы в 80 % (16 из 20) случаев, в группе с резистентным течением или рецидивом острого миелоидного лейкоза – в 67 % (8 из 12) (р = 0,3). Определение минимальной остаточной болезни методом проточной цитометрии после 1-го курса выполнено для 54,54 % (18 из 33) пациентов, при этом негативность констатирована в 84,2 % (у 14 из 18 пациентов) случаев. В обеих группах частота развития гематологической токсичности и инфекционных осложнений сопоставимы с таковыми согласно литературным данным. Медиана наблюдения составила 9,5 месяцев (1–47). Медиана общей выживаемости составила 39 месяцев, общая двухлетняя выживаемость – 63 %, общая четырехлетняя выживаемость – 39 %. Безрецидивная выживаемость составила 33 %.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Комбинация гипометилирующих агентов и венетоклакса показала хорошую эффективность и достаточно высокие значения общей выживаемости у пациентов всех возрастных групп как для первичного острого миелоидного лейкоза, так и для рецидивов и резистентных форм вне зависимости от предшествующей терапии. Учитывая умеренную гематологическую токсичность, а также относительно низкие показатели инфекционных осложнений на фоне терапии, в том числе достаточно низкие цифры летальности в случае инфицирования COVID-19 в сравнении с таковыми на фоне высокоинтенсивных курсов терапии острого миелоидного лейкоза, данная схема может быть широко использована не только у пациентов старшей возрастной группы, но и у молодых коморбидных пациентов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance and goals</title><p>Relevance and goals. Treatment of patients with acute myeloid leukemia has traditionally been highly intensive and includes induction therapy using cytarabine and anathracyclines. In addition to new opportunities in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia, the problem of toxicity of high-intensity therapy in elderly and young somatically burdened patients is quite acute. International clinical trials of phases I-III demonstrated a combination of high efficacy and acceptable hematological toxicity of combinations of hypomethylating agents and venetoclax in the first line of therapy, as well as in the treatment of resistant forms and relapses of acute myeloid leukemia in the older age group, which contributed to the study of the effectiveness of combinations of hypomethylating agents and venetoclax in the treatment of similar groups of young comorbid patients. In this work, we evaluated the efficiency of a combination of hypomethylating agents and venetoclax and overall and disease-free survival in patients with acute myeloid leukemia in routine practice.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. In the period from October 2017 to December 2021 on the basis of the Department of Hematology No. 11 and the Department of Bone Marrow and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation No. 56 of the Botkin Hospital (Moscow, Russia) 33 patients with acute myeloid leukemia received venetoclax therapy in combination with decitabine or azacitidine: 14 (42%) men and 19 (58%) women, median age was 60 years (23–83 years). In 42% (14 of 33) of cases, the regimen was prescribed for resistant course or relapse of acute myeloid leukemia and in 61% (20 of 33) as induction therapy. Three patients (15%) out of 19 from the group of newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia received this treatment regimen in the first line, taking into account the ECOG status 3-4. By August 2022, 13 (39%) patients are alive, 20 (61%) people have died. Overall survival, the rate of complete remission and complete remission with incomplete recovery, the rate of achieving negativity of minimal residual disease, the frequency of hematological toxicity and infectious complications were assessed. Statistical data processing used: frequency analysis using contingency tables (Fisher's exact test), survival analysis using the Kaplan-Meier method.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Complete remission and complete remission with incomplete recovery were achieved in 72.72% (24 of 33) of patients. In the group of primary acute myeloid leukemia, remissions were observed in 80% (16 out of 20) of cases, in the group with resistant course or recurrence of acute myeloid leukemia in 67% (8 out of 12) (p = 0.3). Determination of minimal residual disease by flow cytometry after the 1st course was performed for 54.54% (18 of 33) patients, while negativity was stated in 84.2% (14 of 18 patients) cases. In both groups, the incidence of hematological toxicity and infectious complications are comparable to those according to the literature data. The median follow-up was 9.5 months (1–47). Median overall survival was 39 months, 2-year overall survival was 63%, and overall 4-year survival was 39%. The disease-free survival rate was 33%.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The combination of hypomethylating agents and venetoclax showed good efficacy and fairly high overall survival in patients of all age groups, both for primary acute myeloid leukemia and for relapses and resistant forms, regardless of previous therapy. Given the moderate hematological toxicity, as well as the relatively low rates of infectious complications during therapy, including the rather low mortality rates in case of COVID-19 infection in comparison with those on the background of high-intensity courses of therapy for acute myeloid leukemia, this scheme can be widely used not only in patients of the older age group, but also in young comorbid patients.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>острый миелоидный лейкоз</kwd><kwd>гипометилирующие агенты и венетоклакс</kwd><kwd>анализ эффективности и общей выживаемости</kwd><kwd>гематологическая токсичность</kwd><kwd>инфекционные осложнения</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acute myeloid leukemia</kwd><kwd>hypomethylating agents</kwd><kwd>venetoclax</kwd><kwd>efficacy and overall survival analysis</kwd><kwd>hematological toxicity</kwd><kwd>infectious complications</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена по результатам исследования, выполненного за счёт бюджетных средств по государственному заданию ГБУЗ ГКБ им. С.П. Боткина ДЗМ.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article was prepared based on the results of a study carried out at the expense of budgetary funds under the state assignment of the City Clinical Botkin Hospital.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Döhner H, Estey E, Grimwade D, Amadori S, et al. Diagnosis and management of AML in adults: 2017 ELN recommendations from an international expert panel. Blood. 2017;129(4):424–48. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2016-08-733196</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Döhner H, Estey E, Grimwade D, Amadori S, et al. Diagnosis and management of AML in adults: 2017 ELN recommendations from an international expert panel. Blood. 2017;129(4):424–48. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2016-08-733196</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dombret H, Gardin C. An update of current treatments for adult acute myeloid leukemia. Blood. 2016;127(1):53–62. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2015-08-604520</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dombret H, Gardin C. An update of current treatments for adult acute myeloid leukemia. Blood. 2016;127(1):53–62. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2015-08-604520</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tamamyan G, Kadia T, Ravandi F, et al. Frontline treatment of acute myeloid leukemia in adults. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2017;110:20–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.critrevonc.2016.12.004</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tamamyan G, Kadia T, Ravandi F, et al. Frontline treatment of acute myeloid leukemia in adults. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2017;110:20–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.critrevonc.2016.12.004</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bose P, Vachhani P, Cortes JE. Treatment of Relapsed/Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Curr Treat Options in Oncol. 2017;18(17). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11864-017-0456-2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bose P, Vachhani P, Cortes JE. Treatment of Relapsed/Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Curr Treat Options in Oncol. 2017;18(17). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11864-017-0456-2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Walter RB, Othus M, Borthakur G, et al. Prediction of early death after induction therapy for newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia with pretreatment risk scores: a novel paradigm for treatment assignment. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29(33):4417–4423. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2011.35.7525</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Walter RB, Othus M, Borthakur G, et al. Prediction of early death after induction therapy for newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia with pretreatment risk scores: a novel paradigm for treatment assignment. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29(33):4417–4423. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2011.35.7525</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Appelbaum FR, Gundacker H, Head DR, et al. Age and acute myeloid leukemia. Blood. 2006;107:3481–3485. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2005-09-3724</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Appelbaum FR, Gundacker H, Head DR, et al. Age and acute myeloid leukemia. Blood. 2006;107:3481–3485. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2005-09-3724</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Estey E, Smith TL, Keating MJ, et al. Prediction of survival during induction therapy in patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloblastic leukemia. Leukemia. 1989;3:257–263.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Estey E, Smith TL, Keating MJ, et al. Prediction of survival during induction therapy in patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloblastic leukemia. Leukemia. 1989;3:257–263.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Carter BZ, Mak PY, Tao W, et al. Mcl-1/CDK9 Targeting By AZD5991/AZD4573 Overcomes Intrinsic and Acquired Venetoclax Resistance in Vitro and In Vivo in PDX Model of AML through Modulation of Cell Death and Metabolic Functions. Blood. 2018;132(Suppl 1):768–768. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-113491</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Carter BZ, Mak PY, Tao W, et al. Mcl-1/CDK9 Targeting By AZD5991/AZD4573 Overcomes Intrinsic and Acquired Venetoclax Resistance in Vitro and In Vivo in PDX Model of AML through Modulation of Cell Death and Metabolic Functions. Blood. 2018;132(Suppl 1):768–768. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-113491</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pan R, Hogdal LJ, Benito JM, et al. Selective BCL-2 inhibition by ABT-199 causes on-target cell death in acute myeloid Leukemia. Cancer Discov. 2014;4(3):362–675. https://doi.org/10.1158/2159-8290.CD-13-0609</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pan R, Hogdal LJ, Benito JM, et al. Selective BCL-2 inhibition by ABT-199 causes on-target cell death in acute myeloid Leukemia. Cancer Discov. 2014;4(3):362–675. https://doi.org/10.1158/2159-8290.CD-13-0609</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bogenberger JM, Delman D, Hansen N, et al. Ex vivo activity of BCL-2 family inhibitors ABT-199 and ABT-737 combined with 5-azacytidine in myeloid malignancies. Leuk Lymphoma. 2015;56(1):226–229. https://doi.org/10.3109/10428194.2014.910657</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bogenberger JM, Delman D, Hansen N, et al. Ex vivo activity of BCL-2 family inhibitors ABT-199 and ABT-737 combined with 5-azacytidine in myeloid malignancies. Leuk Lymphoma. 2015;56(1):226–229. https://doi.org/10.3109/10428194.2014.910657</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tsao T, Shi Y, Kornblau S, et al. Concomitant inhibition of DNA methyltransferase and BCL-2 protein function synergistically induce mitochondrial apoptosis in acute myelogenous leukemia cells. Ann Hematol. 2012;91(12):1861–70. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-012-1537-8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tsao T, Shi Y, Kornblau S, et al. Concomitant inhibition of DNA methyltransferase and BCL-2 protein function synergistically induce mitochondrial apoptosis in acute myelogenous leukemia cells. Ann Hematol. 2012;91(12):1861–70. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-012-1537-8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wei A, Strickland SA, Hou J-Z, et al. Venetoclax with Low-Dose Cytarabine Induces Rapid, Deep, and Durable Responses in Previously Untreated Older Adults with AML Ineligible for Intensive Chemotherapy. Blood. 2018;132(Suppl 1):284LP – 284. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-118729</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wei A, Strickland SA, Hou J-Z, et al. Venetoclax with Low-Dose Cytarabine Induces Rapid, Deep, and Durable Responses in Previously Untreated Older Adults with AML Ineligible for Intensive Chemotherapy. Blood. 2018;132(Suppl 1):284LP – 284. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-118729</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dinardo CD, Pratz K, Pullarkat V, et al. Venetoclax combined with decitabine or azacitidine in treatment-naive, elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Blood. 2019;133(1):7–18. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-08-868752</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dinardo CD, Pratz K, Pullarkat V, et al. Venetoclax combined with decitabine or azacitidine in treatment-naive, elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Blood. 2019;133(1):7–18. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-08-868752</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Burnett AK, Milligan D, Prentice AG, et al. A comparison of low-dose cytarabine and hydroxyurea with or without all-trans retinoic acid for acute myeloid leukemia and high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome in patients not considered fit for intensive treatment. Cancer. 2007;109(6):1114–24. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.22496</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Burnett AK, Milligan D, Prentice AG, et al. A comparison of low-dose cytarabine and hydroxyurea with or without all-trans retinoic acid for acute myeloid leukemia and high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome in patients not considered fit for intensive treatment. Cancer. 2007;109(6):1114–24. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.22496</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Heiblig M, Elhamri M, Tigaud I, et al. Treatment with Low-Dose Cytarabine in Elderly Patients (Age 70 Years or Older) with Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Single Institution Experience. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis. 2016;8(1):e2016009. https://doi.org/10.4084/MJHID.2016.009</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Heiblig M, Elhamri M, Tigaud I, et al. Treatment with Low-Dose Cytarabine in Elderly Patients (Age 70 Years or Older) with Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Single Institution Experience. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis. 2016;8(1):e2016009. https://doi.org/10.4084/MJHID.2016.009</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kantarjian HM, Thomas XG, Dmoszynska A, et al. Multicenter, randomized, open-label, phase III trial of decitabine versus patient choice, with physician advice, of either supportive care or low-dose cytarabine for the treatment of older patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia. J Clin Oncol. 2012;30(21):2670–7. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2011.38.9429</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kantarjian HM, Thomas XG, Dmoszynska A, et al. Multicenter, randomized, open-label, phase III trial of decitabine versus patient choice, with physician advice, of either supportive care or low-dose cytarabine for the treatment of older patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia. J Clin Oncol. 2012;30(21):2670–7. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2011.38.9429</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Seymour JF, Butrym A, Wierzbowska A, et al. International phase 3 study of azacitidine vs conventional care regimens in older patients with newly diagnosed AML with &gt; 30 % blasts. Blood. 2015;126(3):291–300. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2015-01-621664</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Seymour JF, Butrym A, Wierzbowska A, et al. International phase 3 study of azacitidine vs conventional care regimens in older patients with newly diagnosed AML with &gt; 30 % blasts. Blood. 2015;126(3):291–300. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2015-01-621664</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cortes JE, Heidel FH, Hellmann A, et al. Randomized comparison of low dose cytarabine with or without glasdegib in patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia or high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome. Leukemia. 2018;33:379–89. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41375-018-0312-9</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cortes JE, Heidel FH, Hellmann A, et al. Randomized comparison of low dose cytarabine with or without glasdegib in patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia or high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome. Leukemia. 2018;33:379–89. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41375-018-0312-9</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">DiNardo CD, Jonas BA, Pullarkat V, et al.. Azacitidine and venetoclax in previously untreated acute myeloid leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2020;383(7):617–629. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2012971</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">DiNardo CD, Jonas BA, Pullarkat V, et al.. Azacitidine and venetoclax in previously untreated acute myeloid leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2020;383(7):617–629. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2012971</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aldoss I, Yang D, Pillai R, et al. Response to Venetoclax and Hypomethylating Agents Among Prognostic Risk Groups and Genetic Subtypes of Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Blood. 2018;132(Suppl 1):334 LP – 334. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-113670</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aldoss I, Yang D, Pillai R, et al. Response to Venetoclax and Hypomethylating Agents Among Prognostic Risk Groups and Genetic Subtypes of Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Blood. 2018;132(Suppl 1):334 LP – 334. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-113670</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aldoss I, Yang D, Aribi A, et al. Efficacy of the combination of venetoclax and hypomethylating agents in relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia Venetoclax. Haematologica. 2018;103(9):407–9. https://doi.org/10.3324/haematol.2018.188094</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aldoss I, Yang D, Aribi A, et al. Efficacy of the combination of venetoclax and hypomethylating agents in relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia Venetoclax. Haematologica. 2018;103(9):407–9. https://doi.org/10.3324/haematol.2018.188094</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dinardo CD, Kadia T, Rausch CR, et al. Clinical experience with the BCL2-inhibitor venetoclax in combination therapy for relapsed and refractory acute myeloid leukemia and related myeloid malignancies. Am J Hematol. 2018;93:401–7. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajh.25000</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dinardo CD, Kadia T, Rausch CR, et al. Clinical experience with the BCL2-inhibitor venetoclax in combination therapy for relapsed and refractory acute myeloid leukemia and related myeloid malignancies. Am J Hematol. 2018;93:401–7. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajh.25000</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tenold M, Moskoff B, Benjamin D, Jonas BA. Retrospective Analysis of Adults with Acute Myeloid Leukemia Treated with Venetoclax Plus Hypomethylating Agents at a Comprehensive Cancer Center. Blood. 2018;132(Suppl 1):1424 LP – 1424. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-119593</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tenold M, Moskoff B, Benjamin D, Jonas BA. Retrospective Analysis of Adults with Acute Myeloid Leukemia Treated with Venetoclax Plus Hypomethylating Agents at a Comprehensive Cancer Center. Blood. 2018;132(Suppl 1):1424 LP – 1424. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-119593</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Goldberg AD, Horvat TZ, Hsu M, et al. Venetoclax Combined with Either a Hypomethylating Agent or Low-Dose Cytarabine Shows Activity in Relapsed and Refractory Myeloid Malignancies. Blood. 2017;130(Suppl 1):1353 LP – 1353. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.V130.Suppl_1.1353.1353</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Goldberg AD, Horvat TZ, Hsu M, et al. Venetoclax Combined with Either a Hypomethylating Agent or Low-Dose Cytarabine Shows Activity in Relapsed and Refractory Myeloid Malignancies. Blood. 2017;130(Suppl 1):1353 LP – 1353. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.V130.Suppl_1.1353.1353</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ram R, Amit O, Zuckerman T, et al. Addition of Venetoclax to Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia Relapsing after Treatment with Hypomethylating Agents. Multicenter Historical Prospective Study. Blood. 2018;132(Suppl 1):4046 LP – 4046. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-113596</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ram R, Amit O, Zuckerman T, et al. Addition of Venetoclax to Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia Relapsing after Treatment with Hypomethylating Agents. Multicenter Historical Prospective Study. Blood. 2018;132(Suppl 1):4046 LP – 4046. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-113596</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Menzin J, Lang K, Earle CC, Kerney D, Mallick R. The outcomes and costs of acute myeloid leukemia among the elderly. Arch Intern Med. 2002;162(14):1597–1603. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.162.14.1597</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Menzin J, Lang K, Earle CC, Kerney D, Mallick R. The outcomes and costs of acute myeloid leukemia among the elderly. Arch Intern Med. 2002;162(14):1597–1603. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.162.14.1597</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Boffo S, Damato A, Alfano L, Giordano A. CDK9 inhibitors in acute myeloid leukemia. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2018;37(1):1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-018-0704-8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Boffo S, Damato A, Alfano L, Giordano A. CDK9 inhibitors in acute myeloid leukemia. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2018;37(1):1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-018-0704-8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vidacs E, Hilton JJ, Lee EM, et al. The CDK9 Inhibitor Dinaciclib Exerts Potent Apoptotic and Antitumor Effects in Preclinical Models of MLL-Rearranged Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancer Res. 2015;76(5):1158–69. https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-15-1070</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vidacs E, Hilton JJ, Lee EM, et al. The CDK9 Inhibitor Dinaciclib Exerts Potent Apoptotic and Antitumor Effects in Preclinical Models of MLL-Rearranged Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancer Res. 2015;76(5):1158–69. https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-15-1070</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tsai CH, Hou HA, Tang JL, et al. Genetic alterations and their clinical implications in older patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia. 2016;30(7):1485–92. https://doi.org/10.1038/leu.2016.65</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tsai CH, Hou HA, Tang JL, et al. Genetic alterations and their clinical implications in older patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia. 2016;30(7):1485–92. https://doi.org/10.1038/leu.2016.65</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Padua RA, Sarda-Mantel L, Chiquet M, et al. BCL-2 Inhibitor Venetoclax (ABT-199) and MEK Inhibitor GDC-0973 Synergise to Target AML Progenitors and Overcome Drug Resistance with the Use of PET Scanning in a Mouse Model of HR-MDS to Monitor Response to Treatment. Blood. 2018;132(Suppl 1):5497 LP – 5497. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-114212</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Padua RA, Sarda-Mantel L, Chiquet M, et al. BCL-2 Inhibitor Venetoclax (ABT-199) and MEK Inhibitor GDC-0973 Synergise to Target AML Progenitors and Overcome Drug Resistance with the Use of PET Scanning in a Mouse Model of HR-MDS to Monitor Response to Treatment. Blood. 2018;132(Suppl 1):5497 LP – 5497. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-114212</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chan SM, Thomas D, Corces-Zimmerman MR, et al. Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 mutations induce BCL-2 dependence in acute myeloid leukemia. Nat Med. 2015;21(2):178–84. https://doi.org/10.1038/nm.3788</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chan SM, Thomas D, Corces-Zimmerman MR, et al. Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 mutations induce BCL-2 dependence in acute myeloid leukemia. Nat Med. 2015;21(2):178–84. https://doi.org/10.1038/nm.3788</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cathelin S, Sharon D, Subedi A, et al. Combination of Enasidenib and Venetoclax Shows Superior Anti-Leukemic Activity Against IDH2 Mutated AML in Patient-Derived Xenograft Models. Blood. 2018;132(Suppl 1):562 LP – 562. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-119688</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cathelin S, Sharon D, Subedi A, et al. Combination of Enasidenib and Venetoclax Shows Superior Anti-Leukemic Activity Against IDH2 Mutated AML in Patient-Derived Xenograft Models. Blood. 2018;132(Suppl 1):562 LP – 562. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-119688</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Quivoron C, David M, Straley K, et al. AG-221, an Oral, Selective, First-in-Class, Potent IDH2-R140Q Mutant Inhibitor, Induces Differentiation in a Xenotransplant Model. Blood. 2014;124(21):3735 LP – 3735. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.V124.21.3735.3735</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Quivoron C, David M, Straley K, et al. AG-221, an Oral, Selective, First-in-Class, Potent IDH2-R140Q Mutant Inhibitor, Induces Differentiation in a Xenotransplant Model. Blood. 2014;124(21):3735 LP – 3735. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.V124.21.3735.3735</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Franziska Modemann, Susanne Ghandili, Stefan Schmiedel, et al. COVID-19 and Adult Acute Leukemia. Cancers (Basel). 2022 Aug; 14(15): 3711. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14153711</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Franziska Modemann, Susanne Ghandili, Stefan Schmiedel, et al. COVID-19 and Adult Acute Leukemia. Cancers (Basel). 2022 Aug; 14(15): 3711. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14153711</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Marchesi F., Salmanton-Garcia J., Emarah Z., et al. COVID-19 in adult acute myeloid leukemia patients: A long-term followup study from the European Hematology Association survey (EPICOVIDEHA) Haematologica. 2022 https://doi.org/10.3324/haematol.2022.280847</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Marchesi F., Salmanton-Garcia J., Emarah Z., et al. COVID-19 in adult acute myeloid leukemia patients: A long-term followup study from the European Hematology Association survey (EPICOVIDEHA) Haematologica. 2022 https://doi.org/10.3324/haematol.2022.280847</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pagano L., Salmanton-Garcia J., Marchesi F., et al. COVID-19 infection in adult patients with hematological malignancies: A European Hematology Association Survey (EPICOVIDEHA) J. Hematol. Oncol. 2021;14:168. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13045-021-01177-0</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pagano L., Salmanton-Garcia J., Marchesi F., et al. COVID-19 infection in adult patients with hematological malignancies: A European Hematology Association Survey (EPICOVIDEHA) J. Hematol. Oncol. 2021;14:168. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13045-021-01177-0</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Palanques-Pastor T., Megias-Vericat J.E., Martinez P., et al. Characteristics, clinical outcomes, and risk factors of SARS-CoV-2 infection in adult acute myeloid leukemia patients: Experience of the PETHEMA group. Leuk Lymphoma. 2021;62:2928–2938. https://doi.org/10.1080/10428194.2021.1948031</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Palanques-Pastor T., Megias-Vericat J.E., Martinez P., et al. Characteristics, clinical outcomes, and risk factors of SARS-CoV-2 infection in adult acute myeloid leukemia patients: Experience of the PETHEMA group. Leuk Lymphoma. 2021;62:2928–2938. https://doi.org/10.1080/10428194.2021.1948031</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Martínez P., Palanques Pastor T., Lopez Lorenzo J.L., et al. Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients: Experience of the Pethema Registry. Blood. 2020;136:7–8. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-138471</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Martínez P., Palanques Pastor T., Lopez Lorenzo J.L., et al. Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients: Experience of the Pethema Registry. Blood. 2020;136:7–8. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-138471</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mitrovic M., Pantic N., Sabljic N., et al. Acute leukemia and SARS-CoV-2 infection: Clinical characteristics and risk factors for mortality. Leuk Lymphoma. 2021;62:3516–3520. https://doi.org/10.1080/10428194.2021.1964026</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mitrovic M., Pantic N., Sabljic N., et al. Acute leukemia and SARS-CoV-2 infection: Clinical characteristics and risk factors for mortality. Leuk Lymphoma. 2021;62:3516–3520. https://doi.org/10.1080/10428194.2021.1964026</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lidsay Wilde, Alessandro Isidori, Gina Keiffer, Neil Palmisiano, Margaret Kasner. Caring for AML Patients During the COVID-19 Crisis: An American and Italian Experience. Front Oncol. 2020 Sep 2;10:1689. https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2020.01689</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lidsay Wilde, Alessandro Isidori, Gina Keiffer, Neil Palmisiano, Margaret Kasner. Caring for AML Patients During the COVID-19 Crisis: An American and Italian Experience. Front Oncol. 2020 Sep 2;10:1689. https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2020.01689</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ward PS, Mason CE, Yen K, et al. Combination Targeted Therapy to Disrupt Aberrant Oncogenic Signaling and Reverse Epigenetic Dysfunction in IDH2 - and TET2 -Mutant Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancer Discov. 2017;7(5):494–505. https://doi.org/10.1158/2159-8290.CD-16-1049</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ward PS, Mason CE, Yen K, et al. Combination Targeted Therapy to Disrupt Aberrant Oncogenic Signaling and Reverse Epigenetic Dysfunction in IDH2 - and TET2 -Mutant Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancer Discov. 2017;7(5):494–505. https://doi.org/10.1158/2159-8290.CD-16-1049</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fathi AT, DiNardo CD, Kline I, et al. Differentiation syndrome associated with enasidenib, a selective inhibitor of mutant isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 analysis of a phase 1/2 study. JAMA Oncol. 2018;4(8):1106–10. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoncol.2017.4695</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fathi AT, DiNardo CD, Kline I, et al. Differentiation syndrome associated with enasidenib, a selective inhibitor of mutant isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 analysis of a phase 1/2 study. JAMA Oncol. 2018;4(8):1106–10. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoncol.2017.4695</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Farnoud NR, Bernard OA, Levine RL, et al. Enasidenib induces acute myeloid leukemia cell differentiation to promote clinical response. Blood. 2017;130(6):732–41. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2017-04-779447</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Farnoud NR, Bernard OA, Levine RL, et al. Enasidenib induces acute myeloid leukemia cell differentiation to promote clinical response. Blood. 2017;130(6):732–41. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2017-04-779447</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stein EM, DiNardo CD, Pollyea DA, et al. Enasidenib in mutant IDH2 relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia. Blood. 2017;130(6):722–31. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2017-04-779405</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stein EM, DiNardo CD, Pollyea DA, et al. Enasidenib in mutant IDH2 relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia. Blood. 2017;130(6):722–31. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2017-04-779405</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
