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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vmireaviz</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник медицинского института «РЕАВИЗ». Реабилитация, Врач и Здоровье</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of the Medical Institute "REAVIZ" (REHABILITATION, DOCTOR AND HEALTH)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-762X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-1579</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РЕАВИЗ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20340/vmi-rvz.2023.1.MORPH.1</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vmireaviz-621</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Морфология, патология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Morphology, pathology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительная морфологическая характеристика хеликобактерного и аутоиммунного гастрита</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative morphological characteristics of helicobacter pylori and autoimmune gastritis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8136-0117</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пачуашвили</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pachuashvili</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пачуашвили Нано Владимеровна, ординатор Института клинической морфологии и цифровой патологии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">npachuashvili@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5907-6195</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нагорная</surname><given-names>Д. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nagornaya</surname><given-names>D. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нагорная Дарина Павловна, аспирант Института клинической морфологии и цифровой патологии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ndp.msk@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5635-6100</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тертычный</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tertychnyy</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тертычный Александр Семенович, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий лабораторией электронной микроскопии и иммуногистохимии Института клинической морфологии и цифровой патологии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">atertychnyy@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова» (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>6</fpage><lpage>14</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пачуашвили Н.В., Нагорная Д.П., Тертычный А.С., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пачуашвили Н.В., Нагорная Д.П., Тертычный А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pachuashvili N.V., Nagornaya D.P., Tertychnyy A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.reaviz.ru/jour/article/view/621">https://vestnik.reaviz.ru/jour/article/view/621</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: провести сравнительный морфологический анализ хеликобактерного и аутоиммунного гастрита и определить ключевые морфологические критерии дифференциальной диагностики.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследование было ретроспективно отобрано 30 случаев хронического атрофического хеликобактерного гастрита и 30 случаев хронического атрофического аутоиммунного гастрита. Во всех случаях хеликобактерного гастрита было подтверждено наличие Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) морфологическими методами диагностики с помощью окраски препаратов по Гимза или дополнительно с помощью иммуногистохимического исследования. Все случаи аутоиммунного гастрита были дополнительно подтверждены клиниколабораторными методами диагностики, часть пациентов имели длительный анамнез диспансерного наблюдения, и биопсийный материал брался у них повторно. Обязательным условием было взятие как минимум пяти биоптатов согласно Сиднейскому протоколу.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Основным дифференциально-диагностическим признаком в нашем исследовании явилось обнаружение H. pylori, а также локализация поражения в теле желудка, характерная для аутоиммунного гастрита, и в антральном отделе – при хеликобактерном гастрите. Исследуемые группы отличались по полу (преобладание лиц женского пола в группе аутоиммунного гастрита), распространённости и активности воспаления (все случаи хеликобактерного гастрита имели признаки активности воспаления). При изучении содержания нейроэндокринных клеток в случаях хеликобактерного гастрита в теле желудка отмечалась простая гиперплазия нейроэндокринных клеток, при аутоиммунном гастрите было отмечено появление цепочек и узелков, что соответствовало линейной и нодулярной гиперплазии нейроэндокринных клеток.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Полученные в исследовании морфологические критерии позволяют провести дифференциальный диагноз между хеликобактерным и аутоиммунным гастритом. Это крайне важно с учётом различий в подходах к лечению и тактике динамического наблюдения при этих вариантах хронического гастрита.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to conduct a comparative morphological analysis of helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and autoimmune gastritis and to determine the significant morphological criteria for differential diagnosis.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. 30 cases of chronic atrophic helicobacter gastritis and 30 cases of chronic atrophic autoimmune gastritis were retrospectively selected for the study. In all cases of helicobacter gastritis, the presence of H. pylori was confirmed by morphological diagnostic methods using Giemsa staining or additionally using immunohistochemistry. All cases of autoimmune gastritis were additionally confirmed by clinical and laboratory diagnostic methods, some patients had a long history of follow-up and biopsy material was taken from them repeatedly. A prerequisite was taking at least 5 biopsies according to the Sydney Protocol.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The main differential diagnostic feature in our study was the detection of H. pylori, as well as the localization of the lesion in the stomach body characteristic of autoimmune gastritis and in the antrum in helicobacter gastritis. The study groups differed by gender (the predominance of females in the group of autoimmune gastritis), the prevalence and activity of inflammation (all cases of helicobacter gastritis had signs of inflammation activity). When studying the content of neuroendocrine cells in cases of helicobacter gastritis in the stomach body, simple hyperplasia of neuroendocrine cells was noted, in cases of autoimmune gastritis, the appearance of chains and nodules was noted, which corresponded to linear and nodular hyperplasia of neuroendocrine cells.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The morphological criteria obtained in the study make it possible to make a differential diagnosis between helicobacter and autoimmune gastritis. This is extremely important because of the differences in treatment approaches and dynamic monitoring tactics in these variants of chronic gastritis.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хронический гастрит</kwd><kwd>хеликобактерный</kwd><kwd>аутоиммунный</kwd><kwd>морфологическая диагностика</kwd><kwd>H. pylori</kwd><kwd>атрофия</kwd><kwd>метаплазия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic gastritis</kwd><kwd>helicobacter</kwd><kwd>autoimmune</kwd><kwd>morphological diagnosis</kwd><kwd>H. pylori</kwd><kwd>atrophy</kwd><kwd>metaplasia</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проводилось без спонсорской поддержки.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This research received no external funding.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liou J.M., Malfertheiner P., Lee Y.C., Sheu B.S., Sugano K., Cheng H.C., et al. 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