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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vmireaviz</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник медицинского института «РЕАВИЗ». Реабилитация, Врач и Здоровье</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of the Medical Institute "REAVIZ" (REHABILITATION, DOCTOR AND HEALTH)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-762X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-1579</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РЕАВИЗ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20340/vmi-rvz.2023.2.CLIN.1</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vmireaviz-669</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Клиническая медицина</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Clinical medicine</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Атерома дуги аорты как источник артерио-артериальной эмболии и ишемического инсульта</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Аortic arch atheroma as a source of arterio-arterial embolism and ischemic stroke</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6824-4114</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рамазанов</surname><given-names>Г. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ramazanov</surname><given-names>G. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рамазанов Ганипа Рамазанович, канд. мед. наук, заведующий научным отделением неотложной неврологии и восстановительного лечения,</p><p>129090, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ganipa R. Ramazanov, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Scientific Department of Emergency Neurology and Rehabilitation Treatment,</p><p>3 Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Square, Moscow, 129090</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ramazanovgr@sklif.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трофимова</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trofimova</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Трофимова Анастасия Николаевна, врач-невролог неврологического отделения для больных с острыми нарушениями мозгового кровообращения,</p><p>129090, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasiya N. Trofimova, Neurologist of the Neurological Department for Patients with Acute Cerebrovascular Accident,</p><p>3 Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Square, Moscow, 129090</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">trofimovaan@sklif.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8490-1417</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковалева</surname><given-names>Э. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovaleva</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ковалева Элла Александровна, канд. мед. наук, старший преподаватель учебного отдела, старший научный сотрудник научного отделения неотложной неврологии и восстановительного лечения, врач-невролог неврологического отделения для больных с острыми нарушениями мозгового кровообращения, </p><p>129090, Москва,Большая Сухаревская пл., 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ella A. Kovaleva, Cand. Sci. (Med.), senior lecturer in the training department, senior researcher at the scientific department of emergency neurology and restorative treatment, neurologist of the neurological department for patients with acute cerebrovascular accident,</p><p>3 Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Square, Moscow, 129090</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kovalevaea@sklif.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9750-3509</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шевченко</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shevchenko</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шевченко Евгений Владимирович, канд. мед. наук, заведующий неврологическим отделением длябольных с острыми нарушениями мозгового кровообращения, младший научный сотрудник научного отделения неотложной неврологии и восстановительного лечения,</p><p>129090, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniy V. Shevchenko, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Neurological Department for Patients with Acute Cerebrovascular Accident, Junior Researcher, Scientific Department of Emergency Neurology and Restorative Treatment,</p><p>3 Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Square, Moscow, 129090</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shevchenkoev@sklif.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Sklifosovsky Clinical and Research Institute for Emergency Medicine<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>02</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>31</fpage><lpage>39</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Рамазанов Г.Р., Трофимова А.Н., Ковалева Э.А., Шевченко Е.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рамазанов Г.Р., Трофимова А.Н., Ковалева Э.А., Шевченко Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ramazanov G.R., Trofimova A.N., Kovaleva E.A., Shevchenko E.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.reaviz.ru/jour/article/view/669">https://vestnik.reaviz.ru/jour/article/view/669</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В настоящее время, несмотря на внедрение современных диагностических алгоритмов, у 20–40 % пациентов с ишемическим инсультом не удаётся установить его причину. Потенциальными причинами острой церебральной ишемии у пациентов с криптогенным ишемическим инсультом могут быть пароксизмальная фибрилляция предсердий, открытое овальное окно, предсердная кардиомиопатия, каротидная сеть, атерома дуги аорты, а также канцер-ассоциированная тромбофилия.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: систематизация данных о методах диагностики и профилактики атеромы дуги аорты.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Поиск литературы проводили в электронных поисковых системах Scopus, eLibrary, PubMed по ключевым словам: ишемический инсульт, криптогенный инсульт, атерома дуги аорты, патогенез ишемического инсульта.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В настоящее время, несмотря на столь детальную проработку терапевтических стратегий профилактики повторных тромботических событий у пациентов с атеромой дуги аорты, ни один из препаратов не доказал своего преимущества. Несмотря на то, что исследования NAVIGATE ESUS и RESPECT ESUS не показали превосходства пероральных антикоагулянтов над антиагрегантами в отношении предотвращения повторных ишемических инсультов у пациентов с криптогенным инсультом, было установлено, что криптогенный ишемический инсульт неоднороден, что требует дифференцированного подхода ко вторичной профилактике.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Атерома аорты может быть причиной эмболического синдрома и криптогенного инсульта. Основные методы диагностики атеромы аорты – чрезпищеводная эхокардиография и компьютерно-томографическая ангиография. Терапевтическая стратегия лечения атеромы аорты – гиполипидемическая, антитромботическая терапия в комбинации с блокаторами ренин-ангиотензин-альдостероновой системы. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Currently, despite the introduction of modern diagnostic algorithms in 20-40 % of patients with ischemic stroke, it is not possible to establish its cause. Potential causes of acute cerebral ischemia in patients with cryptogenic ischemic stroke include paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, patent foramen ovale, atrial cardiomyopathy, carotid network, aortic arch atheroma, and cancer-associated thrombophilia.</p></sec><sec><title>Target</title><p>Target: to systematize data on methods for diagnosing and preventing aortic arch atheroma.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The literature search was carried out in electronic search systems Scopus, eLibrary, PubMed using the key words: ischemic stroke, cryptogenic stroke, aortic arch atheroma, pathogenesis of ischemic stroke.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. At present, despite such a detailed study of therapeutic strategies for the prevention of recurrent thrombotic events in patients with aortic arch atheroma, none of the drugs has proven its advantage. Although the NAVIGATE ESUS and RESPECT ESUS trials did not show the superiority of oral anticoagulants over antiplatelet agents in preventing recurrent ischemic strokes in patients with cryptogenic stroke, it was found that cryptogenic ischemic stroke is heterogeneous, which requires a differentiated approach to secondary prevention.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Аortic atheroma can be the cause of embolic syndrome and cryptogenic stroke. The main methods for diagnosing aortic atheroma are transesophageal echocardiography and computed tomographic angiography. The therapeutic strategy for the treatment of aortic atheroma is lipid-lowering, antithrombotic therapy in combination with blockers of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ишемический инсульт</kwd><kwd>криптогенный инсульт</kwd><kwd>атерома дуги аорты</kwd><kwd>патогенез ишемического инсульта</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ischemic stroke</kwd><kwd>cryptogenic stroke</kwd><kwd>aortic arch atheroma</kwd><kwd>pathogenesis of ischemic stroke</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Timsit S. From cryptogenic to ESUS: Toward precision medicine? Rev Neurol (Paris). 2022;178(9):939-952. 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