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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vmireaviz</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник медицинского института «РЕАВИЗ». Реабилитация, Врач и Здоровье</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of the Medical Institute "REAVIZ" (REHABILITATION, DOCTOR AND HEALTH)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-762X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-1579</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РЕАВИЗ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20340/vmi-rvz.2023.5.PHYS.2</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vmireaviz-797</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Физиология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Physiology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Актуальные методы моделирования депрессии у животных и подходы к изучению их эффективности в биомедицинских исследованиях (обзор проблемы)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Current methods of modeling depression in animals and approaches to the study of their efficiency in biomedical research (review of the problem)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0650-0252</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Громова</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gromova</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Громова Дарья Сергеевна - старший преподаватель кафедры общей и молекулярной биологии,</p><p>ул. Чапаевская, д. 89, Самара, 443099</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dar'ya S. Gromova - Senior Lecturer of the Department of General and Molecular Biology,</p><p>89 Chapaevskaya str., Samara, 443099</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">grmvadarja@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0982-6349</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попова</surname><given-names>Н. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popova</surname><given-names>N. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Попова Нелли Рустамовна - канд. биол. наук, заведующая лабораторией изотопных исследований,</p><p>ул. Институтская, д. 3, Пущино, 142290</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nelli R. Popova - Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Head of the Isotope Research Laboratory,</p><p>3 Institutskaya str., Pushchino, 142290</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8055-1958</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлова</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlova</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павлова Ольга Николаевна - д-р биол. наук, доцент, заведующая кафедрой физиологии с курсом безопасности жизнедеятельности и медицины катастроф,</p><p>ул. Чапаевская, д. 89, Самара, 443099</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga N. Pavlova - Dr. Sci. (Biol.), Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Physiology with the course of Life Safety and Disaster Medicine,</p><p>89 Chapaevskaya str., Samara, 443099</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0947-511X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мякишева</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Myakisheva</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мякишева Юлия Валерьевна - д-р мед. наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой общей и молекулярной биологии,</p><p>ул. Чапаевская, д. 89, Самара, 443099</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuliya V. Myakisheva - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of General and Molecular Biology,</p><p>89 Chapaevskaya str., Samara, 443099</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5506-5328</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павленко</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlenko</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павленко Снежанна Ивановна - канд.биол. наук, доцент, доцент кафедры физиологии с курсом безопасности жизнедеятельности и медицины катастроф,</p><p>ул. Чапаевская, д. 89, Самара, 443099</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Snezhanna I. Pavlenko - Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Docent, Associate Professor of the Department of Physiology with the course of life safety and disaster Medicine,</p><p>89 Chapaevskaya str., Samara, 443099</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s.i.pavlenko@samsmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Самарский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Samara State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт теоретической и экспериментальной биофизики</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>28</fpage><lpage>33</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Громова Д.С., Попова Н.Р., Павлова О.Н., Мякишева Ю.В., Павленко С.И., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Громова Д.С., Попова Н.Р., Павлова О.Н., Мякишева Ю.В., Павленко С.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gromova D.S., Popova N.R., Pavlova O.N., Myakisheva Y.V., Pavlenko S.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.reaviz.ru/jour/article/view/797">https://vestnik.reaviz.ru/jour/article/view/797</self-uri><abstract><p>Депрессивные расстройства являются одной из ведущих проблем современного здравоохранения. Их распространённость в мире составляет от 4,4 до 20 % населения, а в России частота встречаемости депрессии достигает 20 %. Изучение депрессивных расстройств актуально не только с точки зрения психиатрии и поведенческой терапии, но и занимает ведущее место в неврологической практике, поскольку более четверти населения с хроническими неврологическими заболеваниями страдают депрессией. В настоящее время большинство фундаментальных биомедицинских исследований депрессивных расстройств проводится с использованием лабораторных животных. Однако протоколы экспериментального моделирования и анализа поведенческих паттернов весьма разнообразны, что создаёт определённые сложности при планировании исследований. Данный обзор направлен на описание, анализ, сравнение и систематизацию возможных подходов к созданию экспериментальных моделей депрессии на животных, а также содержит критерии валидизации моделей и описание поведенческих тестов для оценки тревожно-депрессивных расстройств.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Depressive disorders are one of the leading problems of modern health care. Their prevalence in the world ranges from 4.4 to 20 % of the population, and in Russia the incidence of depression reaches 20 %. The study of depressive disorders is relevant not only from the point of view of psychiatry and behavioral therapy, but also occupies a leading place in neurological practice, since more than a quarter of the population with chronic neurological diseases suffer from depression. Currently, most basic biomedical research on depressive disorders is carried out using laboratory animals. However, the protocols for experimental modeling and analysis of behavioral patterns are very diverse, which creates certain difficulties in planning research. This review is aimed at describing, analyzing, comparing and systematizing possible approaches to creating experimental models of depression in animals, and also contains criteria for model validation and a description of behavioral tests to assess anxiety-depressive disorders.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>поведенческие тесты</kwd><kwd>модель депрессии</kwd><kwd>критерии оценки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>behavioral tests</kwd><kwd>depression model</kwd><kwd>assessment criteria</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кибитов А.О., Мазо Г.Э., Ракитько А.С. и др. 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