<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vmireaviz</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник медицинского института «РЕАВИЗ». Реабилитация, Врач и Здоровье</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of the Medical Institute "REAVIZ" (REHABILITATION, DOCTOR AND HEALTH)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-762X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-1579</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РЕАВИЗ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20340/vmi-rvz.2023.6.CLIN.1</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vmireaviz-817</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Клиническая медицина</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Clinical medicine</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Модифицируемые факторы развития и рецидивирования аденоматозных колоректальных полипов (обзор литературы)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modifiable factors of development and recurrence of adenomatous colorectal polyps (literature review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5115-6388</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гатауллин</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gataullin</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гатауллин Ильгиз Габдуллович - Д-р мед. наук, профессор, член-корреспондент Академии наук Татарстана, заслуженный врач Республики Татарстан, член Ассоциации колопроктологов России, председатель научного общества онкологов Республики Татарстан, профессор кафедры онкологии и хирургии.</p><p>Ул. Бутлерова, д. 36, Казань, 420012</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilgiz G. Gataullin - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of Tatarstan. Honored Doctor of the Republic of Tatarstan. Member of the Association of Coloproctologists of Russia, Chairman of the Scientific Society of Oncologists of the Republic of Tatarstan. Professor of the Department of Oncology and Surgery, Kazan SMA.</p><p>36, Butlerova str., Kazan, 420012</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4867-3194</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сахабетдинов</surname><given-names>Б. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sakhabetdinov</surname><given-names>B. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сахабетдинов Булат Айратович - Ассистент кафедры оперативной хирургии и топографической анатомии.</p><p>Ул. Бутлерова, д. 49, Казань, 420012</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bulat A. Sakhabetdinov - Assistant of the Department of Topographic Anatomy and Operative Surgery.</p><p>49, Butlerova str., Kazan, 420012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">b.sahabet@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7529-2904</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Валитов</surname><given-names>Б. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Valitov</surname><given-names>B. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валитов Булат Рашидович - Врач-онколог.</p><p>Ул. Сибирский тракт, д. 29, Казань, 420029</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bulat R. Valitov – Oncologist.</p><p>29, Sibirskiy trakt str., Kazan, 420029</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ермакова</surname><given-names>К. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ermakova</surname><given-names>K. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ермакова Камиля Наилевна – Студентка.</p><p>Ул. Бутлерова, д. 49, Казань, 420012</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kamilya N. Ermakova – Student.</p><p>49, Butlerova str., Kazan, 420012</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9754-4746</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калямова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalyamova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Калямова Айгуль Василовна – студентка.</p><p>Ул. Бутлерова, д. 49, Казань, 420012</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aygul' V. Kalyamova – Student.</p><p>49, Butlerova str., Kazan, 420012</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанская государственная медицинская академия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Medical Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Республиканский клинический онкологический диспансер им. проф. М.З. Сигала</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Republican Clinical Oncological Dispensary named after Professor M.Z. Sigal</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>38</fpage><lpage>42</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гатауллин И.Г., Сахабетдинов Б.А., Валитов Б.Р., Ермакова К.Н., Калямова А.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гатауллин И.Г., Сахабетдинов Б.А., Валитов Б.Р., Ермакова К.Н., Калямова А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gataullin I.G., Sakhabetdinov B.A., Valitov B.R., Ermakova K.N., Kalyamova A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.reaviz.ru/jour/article/view/817">https://vestnik.reaviz.ru/jour/article/view/817</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Аденоматозные колоректальные полипы сопряжены с высокой степенью риска развития злокачественной опухоли. Они считаются предраковыми состояниями и могут привести к развитию колоректального рака. На сегодняшний день колоректальный рак занимает третье место в мире по частоте встречаемости среди всех злокачественных новообразований.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: улучшение результатов диагностики и хирургического лечения пациентов с колоректальными аденоматозными новообразованиями путём выявления факторов развития и выделения групп риска по данной нозологии.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы: анализ литературных данных.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Среди причин, приводящих к развитию колоректальных полипов, стоит отметить как генетическую предрасположенность, так и путь иммуноблотинга и ПЦР-секвенирования всего экзома. В случаях, у пациентов с семейным зубчатым полипозом, определены редкие варианты зародышевой линии в гене WNK2. Функциональные исследования показали, что варианты зародышевой линии WNK2 влияют на функцию белка в контексте пути MAPK, молекулярного признака этого заболевания. Также в ходе многих отечественных и зарубежных рандоминизированных клинических исследований были выделены модифицируемые факторы развития аденоматозных колоректальных полипов.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Проведённое исследование выявило факторы развития и рецидивирования колоректальных новообразований и выделило группы риска по данной нозологии. В ходе исследования была выявлена низкая комплаентность пациентов по отношению к изменению некоторых условий жизни (употребление этилового спирта и продуктов, содержащих его, табакокурение, как активное, так и пассивное, борьба с ожирением и гиподинамией), что приводит к рецидированию и увеличивает риски малигнизации колоректальных полипов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. Adenomatous colorectal polyps are associated with a high risk of developing a malignant tumor. They are considered precancerous conditions and can lead to the development of colorectal cancer. To date, colorectal cancer ranks third in the world in frequency of occurrence among all malignant neoplasms.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. Improving the results of diagnosis and surgical treatment of patients with colorectal adenomatous neoplasms by identifying development factors and identifying risk groups for this nosology.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Analysis of literary data.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Among the factors leading to the development of colorectal polyps, it is worth noting a genetic predisposition, so by immunoblotting, PCR sequencing of the entire exome in cases of patients with familial dentate polyposis, rare variants of the germ line in the WNK2 gene were identified. Functional studies have shown that variants of the WINK2 germ line affect protein function in the context of the MAPK pathway, a molecular trait of this disease. Also, in the course of many domestic and foreign randomized clinical trials, the following modifiable factors for the development of adenomatous colorectal polyps were identified.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The study revealed the factors of development and recurrence of colorectal neoplasms and identified risk groups for this nosology. The study revealed low compliance of patients with respect to changes in certain living conditions (the use of ethyl alcohol and products containing it, tobacco smoking, both active and passive, the fight against obesity and inactivity), which leads to recurrence and increases the risks of malignancy of colorectal polyps.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аденоматозные полипы</kwd><kwd>колоректальные полипы</kwd><kwd>полипы толстого кишечника</kwd><kwd>полипы тонкой кишки</kwd><kwd>колоректальный рак</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>adenomatous polyps</kwd><kwd>colorectal polyps</kwd><kwd>polyps</kwd><kwd>colon polyps</kwd><kwd>small intestine polyps</kwd><kwd>colorectal</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проводилось без спонсорской поддержки</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This research received no external funding</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Каприн А.Д., Старинский В.В., Петрова Г.В. Злокачественные новообразования России в 2015 году (заболеваемость и смертность), Москва: МНИОИ им. П.А. Герцена, 2016;250.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaprin A.D., Starinsky V.V., Petrova G.V. Malignant neoplasms of Russia in 2015 (morbidity and mortality), Moscow: P.A. Herzen Moscow State Medical Research Institute, 2016;250. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pei X., Liu Y., Sun L., Fang Y., Liu J. Outcome of Molecular Targeted Agents Plus Chemotherapy for Second-Line Therapy of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials. 2016;31.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pei X., Liu Y., Sun L., Fang Y., Liu J. Outcome of Molecular Targeted Agents Plus Chemotherapy for Second-Line Therapy of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials. 2016;31.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ялкут С.И. Профилактика опухолей. Москва. Книга Плюс. 2006;32.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yalkut S.I. Opuhole prophylaxis. Moscow. Book Plus. 2006; 32 (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fais T., Delmas Y., Bonnet R., Dalmasso G. Targeting colorectal cancer- associated bacteria: A new area of research for personalized treatments. 2016;23:1-5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fais T., Delmas Y., Bonnet R., Dalmasso G. Targeting colorectal cancer- associated bacteria: A new area of research for personalized treatments. 2016;23:1-5.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang Y., Duan H., Lin Y. A pooled analysis of alcohol intake and colorectal cancer : International Journal of clinical and experimental medicine. 2015;8:6870-6889.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang Y., Duan H., Lin Y. A pooled analysis of alcohol intake and colorectal cancer : International Journal of clinical and experimental medicine. 2015;8:6870-6889.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ривкин В.Л. Полипы желудка и толстой кишки. Гастроэнтерология. Приложение к журналу Consilium Medicum. 2014;2:41-42.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rivkin V.L. Polyps of the stomach and colon. Gastroenterology. Appendix to the journal Consilium Medicum. 2014;2:41-42. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Салмин Р.М., Цигель С.В. Полипы толстой кишки: факторы риска, а также основные морфологические и гистологические характеристики. Актуальные проблемы медицины : материалы ежегодной итоговой научно-практической конференции. Гродно: Гродненский государственный медицинский университет. 2019;488-489.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Salmin R.M., Tsigel S.V. Colon polyps: risk factors, as well as the main morphological and histological characteristics. Actual problems of medicine: materials of the annual final scientific and practical conference. Grodno: Grodno State Medical University. 2019;488-489. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лычагин В.Н., Козлова И.В., Мялина Ю.Н. Полипы толстой кишки: эпидемиологические аспекты. Гастроэнтерология Санкт-Петербурга. 2011;2-3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lychagin V.N., Kozlova I.V., Myalina Yu.N. Colon polyps: epidemiological aspects. Gastroenterology of St. Petersburg. 2011;2-3. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гаязова А.Ф. Роль факторов риска и коморбидной патологии в развитии полипов толстой кишки в практике врача-терапевта. Уральский медицинский журнал. 2020;3(186):155-158. https://doi.org/10.25694/URMJ.2020.03.30</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gayazova A.F. The role of risk factors and comorbid pathology in the development of colon polyps in the practice of a general practitioner. Ural Medical Journal. 2020;3(186):155-158. https://doi.org/10.25694/URMJ.2020.03.30 (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лаптева Е.А., Козлова И.В., Бофанова Г.В. Полипы толстой кишки: возрастные, гендерные особенности. Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология. 2014;5(105):63-64.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lapteva E.A., Kozlova I.V., Bofanova G.V. Colon polyps: age, gender characteristics Experimental and clinical gastroenterology. 2014;5(105):63-64.(In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Soares de Lima Y, Arnau-Collell C, Muñoz J, Herrera-Pariente C, Moreira L, Ocaña T et al. Germline mutations in WNK2 could be associated with serrated polyposis syndrome. 2022/ https://doi.org/10.1136/JMG-2022-108684</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Soares de Lima Y, Arnau-Collell C, Muñoz J, Herrera-Pariente C, Moreira L, Ocaña T et al. Germline mutations in WNK2 could be associated with serrated polyposis syndrome. 2022/ https://doi.org/10.1136/JMG-2022-108684</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guo Y, Wang M, Zou Y, Jin L, Zhao Z, Liu Q, Wang S, Li J. Mechanisms of chemotherapeutic resistance and the application of targeted nanoparticles for enhanced chemotherapy in colorectal cancer. Journal of Nanobiotechnology. 2022;20(1):371. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12951-022-01586-4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guo Y, Wang M, Zou Y, Jin L, Zhao Z, Liu Q, Wang S, Li J. Mechanisms of chemotherapeutic resistance and the application of targeted nanoparticles for enhanced chemotherapy in colorectal cancer. Journal of Nanobiotechnology. 2022;20(1):371. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12951-022-01586-4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Femia A.P. Expression of LGR-5, MSI-1 and DCAMKL-1, putative stem cell markers, in the early phases of 1,2-dimethylhydrazineinduced rat colon carcinogenesis: correlation with nuclear beta-catenin. BMC Cancer. 2013;13:48.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Femia A.P. Expression of LGR-5, MSI-1 and DCAMKL-1, putative stem cell markers, in the early phases of 1,2-dimethylhydrazineinduced rat colon carcinogenesis: correlation with nuclear beta-catenin. BMC Cancer. 2013;13:48.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ferrand A. Expression of gastrin precursors by CD 133-positive colorectal cancer cells is crucial for tumour growth. Biochim. Biophys. 2009;1793(3):477-488.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ferrand A. Expression of gastrin precursors by CD 133-positive colorectal cancer cells is crucial for tumour growth. Biochim. Biophys. 2009;1793(3):477-488.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kazama S. Expression of the stem cell marker CD133 is related to tumor development in colorectal carcinogenesis. Asian J. Surg. 2017; 40:1-5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kazama S. Expression of the stem cell marker CD133 is related to tumor development in colorectal carcinogenesis. Asian J. Surg. 2017; 40:1-5.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rembacken B.J. Flat and depressed colonic neoplasms: a prospective study of 1000 colonoscopies in the UK. Lancet. 2000;355(9211):1211-1214.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rembacken B.J. Flat and depressed colonic neoplasms: a prospective study of 1000 colonoscopies in the UK. Lancet. 2000;355(9211):1211-1214.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Torre L.A., Cancer C.A., Clin J. Global cancer statistics. 2015;65(2):87-108.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Torre L.A., Cancer C.A., Clin J. Global cancer statistics. 2015;65(2):87-108.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Laass M.W., Rogegenbuck D., Conrad K. Diagnosis and classification of Crohn's disease. Autoimmunity reviews. 2014;13(4-5):467-471.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Laass M.W., Rogegenbuck D., Conrad K. Diagnosis and classification of Crohn's disease. Autoimmunity reviews. 2014;13(4-5):467-471.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lopez-Morra H.A. Does Insulin Influence the Risk of Colon Adenomas and Colorectal cancer. A Multicenter Look at a minority population. Gastrointest. Endosc. 2014;79(5):214-218.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lopez-Morra H.A. Does Insulin Influence the Risk of Colon Adenomas and Colorectal cancer. A Multicenter Look at a minority population. Gastrointest. Endosc. 2014;79(5):214-218.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wallace K.L., Zheng L.B., Kanazawa Y., Shinn D.Q. Immunopathology of inflammatory bowel disease. World J. Gastroenterol. 2014;20(1):6-21.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wallace K.L., Zheng L.B., Kanazawa Y., Shinn D.Q. Immunopathology of inflammatory bowel disease. World J. Gastroenterol. 2014;20(1):6-21.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сафиева А.К. Экспрессия СD 133 в колоректальных полипах. Гепатология и гастроэнтерология. 2017;1(1):37-40.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Safieva A.K. Express SD 133 in colorectal polyps. Hepatology and gastroenterology. 2017;1(1):37-40. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Олейникова Н.А. Иммуногистохимическая оценка предиктивных маркеров потенциала злокачественности полипов толстой кишки: специальность 14.03.02 Патологическая анатомия: автореф. дис. … канд. мед. наук. Москва. 2017;22.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Oleynikova, N. A. Immunohistochemical assessment of predictive markers of the malignancy potential of colon polyps : specialty 14.03.02 Pathological anatomy: abstract of the dissertation for the degree of Candidate of Medical Sciences. Moscow. 2017;22. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shaukat A., Kaltenbach T., Dominitz J.A., Robertson D.J., Anderson J.C., Cruise M. et al. Endoscopic Recognition and Management Strategies for Malignant Colorectal Polyps: Recommendations of the US Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer. Gastroenterology. 2020;159(5):1916-1934. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2020.08.050</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shaukat A., Kaltenbach T., Dominitz J.A., Robertson D.J., Anderson J.C., Cruise M. et al. Endoscopic Recognition and Management Strategies for Malignant Colorectal Polyps: Recommendations of the US Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer. Gastroenterology. 2020;159(5):1916-1934. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2020.08.050</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кит О.И., Никипелова Е.А., Шапошников А.В. Тканевой цитокиновый уровень при раке и полипах толстой кишки. Злокачественные опухоли. 2016;4S1(21):155.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kit O. I., Nekipelova E.A., Shaposhnikov A.V. Tissue cytokine level in cancer and colon polyps. Malignant tumors. 2016; 4S1(21):155. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Цигель С.В. Полипы толстой кишки: факторы риска и основные характеристики пациентов, страдающих данным заболеванием за 2014 год. Материалы республиканской с международным участием научно-практической конференции, посвященной 60-летию Гродненского государственного медицинского университета. Сборник статей. Гродно: Гродненский государственный медицинский университет. 2018;816-817.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sigel S. V. Colon polyps: risk factors and main characteristics of patients suffering from this disease in 2014. Materials of the republican scientific and practical conference with international participation dedicated to the 60th anniversary of Grodno State Medical University. Collection of articles. Grodno: Grodno State Medical University. 2018;816-817.(In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">He X, Wu K, Ogino S, Giovannucci EL, Chan AT, Song M. Association Between Risk Factors for Colorectal Cancer and Risk of Serrated Polyps and Conventional Adenomas.Gastroenterology. 2018;155(2):355-373.e18. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2018.04.019</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">He X, Wu K, Ogino S, Giovannucci EL, Chan AT, Song M. Association Between Risk Factors for Colorectal Cancer and Risk of Serrated Polyps and Conventional Adenomas.Gastroenterology. 2018;155(2):355-373.e18. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2018.04.019</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лаптева Е.А., Козлова И.В., Мялина Ю.Н., Пахомова А.Л. Полипы толстой кишки: эпидемиология, факторы риска, критерии диагностики, тактики ведения. Саратовский научно-медицинский журнал. 2013;9(2):252-259.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lapteva E.A., Kozlova I.V., Myalina Yu.N., Pakhomova A.L. Colon polyps: epidemiology, risk factors, diagnostic criteria, management tactics. Saratov Scientific Medical Journal. 2013;9(2):252-259. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Martínez M.E., Mc.Pherson R.S., Levin B., Glober G.A. A case-control study of dietary intake and other lifestyle risk factors for hyperplastic polyps. Gastroenterology. 1997;113(2):423-9. https://doi.org/10.1053/gast.1997.v113.pm9247459</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Martínez M.E., Mc.Pherson R.S., Levin B., Glober G.A. A case-control study of dietary intake and other lifestyle risk factors for hyperplastic polyps. Gastroenterology. 1997;113(2):423-9. https://doi.org/10.1053/gast.1997.v113.pm9247459</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Herszényi L. The "Difficult" Colorectal Polyps and Adenomas: Practical Aspects. 2019;37(5):394-399. https://doi.org/10.1159/000495694</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Herszényi L. The "Difficult" Colorectal Polyps and Adenomas: Practical Aspects. 2019;37(5):394-399. https://doi.org/10.1159/000495694</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ваганов Ю.Е., Веселов В.В., Ликутов А.А. Факторы риска рецидива аденом ободочной кишки после их удаления методом мукозэктомии. Колопроктология. 2021;20(1(75)):10-16. https://doi.org/10.33878/2073-7556-2021-20-1-10-16</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vaganov Yu.E., Veselov V.V., Likutov A.A. Risk factors for recurrence of colon adenomas after their removal by mucosectomy. Coloproctology. 2021;20(1(75)):10-16. https://doi.org/10.33878/20737556-2021-20-1-10-16 (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кит О.И., Франциянц Е.М., Козлова Л.С., Терпугов А.Л. Трипсиноподобные протеиназы и ингибиторы в тканях полипов и злокачественных опухолей толстой кишки. Евразийский онкологический журнал. 2014;3(3):481.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kit O.I., Franzyants E.M., Kozlova L.S., Terpugov A.L. Trypsin-like proteinases and inhibitors in the tissues of polyps and malignant tumors of the colon. Eurasian Oncological Journal. 2014;3(3):481. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Щербак С.Г., Лантухов Д.В., Вологжанин Д.А. Исследование липидного спектра сыворотки крови у пациентов с полипами толстой кишки. Гастроэнтерология Санкт-Петербурга. 2016;3-4:24.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shcherbak S. G., Lantukhov D.V., Vologzhanin D. A. Investigation of the lipid spectrum of blood serum in patients with colon polyps. Gastroenterology of St. Petersburg. 2016;3-4:24 (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Милица К.Н. Абдоминальное ожирение как фактор риска развития колоректальных аденом. Запорожский медицинский журнал. 2016;5(98):53-57.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Milica K.N. Abdominal obesity as a risk factor for the development of colorectal adenomas. Zaporizhia Medical Journal. 2016;5(98): 53-57. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гаязова А.Ф., Семенова К.А., Нагибин С.И., Болотнова Т.В. Коморбидные заболевания у пациентов с полипами толстой кишки в практике участкового врача-терапевта. Уральский медицинский журнал. 2019;4(172):82-85. https://doi.org/10.25694/URMJ.2019.04.20</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gayazova A.F., Semenova K.A., Nagibin S.I., Bolotnova T.V. Comorbid diseases in patients with colon polyps in the practice of a district general practitioner. Ural Medical Journal. 2019;4(172):82-85. https://doi.org/10.25694/URMJ.2019.04.20 (In Russ)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лычагин В.Н. Полипы толстой кишки: эпидемиологические аспекты. Гастроэнтерология Санкт-Петербурга. 2011;2-3:54-55.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lychagin V.N. Colon polyps: epidemiological aspects. Gastroenterology of St. Petersburg. 2011;2-3:54-55. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Емельянов С.И. Колоноскопия при полипах и раке толстой кишки. Эндоскопическая хирургия. 2011;17(2):49-53.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Emelyanov S.I. Colonoscopy for polyps and colon cancer. Endoscopic surgery. 2011;17(2):49-53. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Харлова О.А., Олейникова Н.А., Мальков П.Г. Сравнительный анализ клинических и морфологических характеристик зубчатых аденом/полипов на широком основании и гиперпластических полипов толстой кишки. Уральский медицинский журнал. 2017;4(148):25-34.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kharlova O.A., Oleinikova N.A., Malkov P.G. Comparative analysis of clinical and morphological characteristics of dentate adenomas/polyps on a broad base and hyperplastic polyps of the colon. Ural Medical Journal. 2017;4(148):25-34. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Харлова О.А., Данилова Н.В., Мальков П.Г. Клинико-морфологические особенности зубчатых образований толстой кишки. Архив патологии. 2015;77(4):24-32. https://doi.org/10.17116/patol201577424-32</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kharlova O.A., Danilova N.V., Malkov P.G. Clinical and morphological features of toothed formations of the colon. Archive of pathology. 2015;77(4):24-32. https://doi.org/10.17116/patol201577424-32 (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Подберзская А.А., Салмин Р.М., Могилевец Э.В. Современные хирургические методы лечения полипоза толстой кишки. Журнал Гродненского государственного медицинского университета. 2016;4(56):26-29.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Podbor'skaya A.A., Salmin R.M., Mogilevets E.V. Modern surgical methods of treatment of colon polyposis. Journal of the Grodno State Medical University. 2016;4(56):26-29. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мизаушев Б.А. Эндоскопическая хирургия полиповидных новообразований толстой кишки. Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. 2010;3:31-36.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mizaushev B.A. Endoscopic surgery of polypoid neoplasms of the colon. Bulletin of the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia. 2010;3:31-36.(In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Олейникова Н.А. Новое в классификации доброкачественных эпителиальных опухолей толстой кишки. Архив патологии. 2020;82(2): 35-42. https://doi.org/10.17116/patol20208202135</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Oleynikova N.A. New in the classification of benign epithelial tumors of the colon. Archive of Pathology. 2020;82(2):35-42. https://doi.org/10.17116/patol20208202135 (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Козлова И.В. Изменения толстой кишки при неалкогольной жировой болезни печени: клинические, эндоскопические, иммуногистохимические критерии диагностики. 2018;3:49.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kozlova I.V. Colon changes in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: clinical, endoscopic, immunohistochemical diagnostic criteria. 2018;3:49.(In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
