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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vmireaviz</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник медицинского института «РЕАВИЗ». Реабилитация, Врач и Здоровье</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of the Medical Institute "REAVIZ" (REHABILITATION, DOCTOR AND HEALTH)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-762X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-1579</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РЕАВИЗ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20340/vmi-rvz.2024.3.PSY.1</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vmireaviz-993</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Вопросы психического здоровья</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Mental Health</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности диссомний и когнитивных нарушений при хронической ишемии головного мозга на фоне сахарного диабета 2 типа</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Features of dissomnia and cognitive impairments in chronic cerebral ischemia due to diabetes mellitus type 2</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0012-3660</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коценко</surname><given-names>Ю. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kotsenko</surname><given-names>Yu. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Коценко Юлия Игоревна - Канд. мед. наук, доцент, доцент кафедры неврологии и медицинской генетики Вклад автора: анализ литературы, клинических данных, подготовка текста работы.</p><p>пр. Ильича, д. 16, г. Донецк, 287003, Донецкая Народная Республика</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuliya I. Kutsenko - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Docent, Associate Professor of the Department of Neurology and Medical Genetics Аuthor's contribution: analyzing literature and clinical data, preparing the text of the work.</p><p>16 Ilyich Ave., Donetsk, 287003, Donetsk People's Republic</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yuliya_neur@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Донецкий государственный медицинский университет имени М. Горького</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Donetsk State Medical University named after M. Gorky</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>96</fpage><lpage>103</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Коценко Ю.И., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Коценко Ю.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kotsenko Y.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.reaviz.ru/jour/article/view/993">https://vestnik.reaviz.ru/jour/article/view/993</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. В настоящее время сахарный диабет занимает лидирующие позиции по распространённости, инвалидизации, смертности и относится к медико-социальной проблеме. Микрососудистые и макрососудистые диабетические осложнения негативно сказываются на качестве и продолжительности сна с пагубным влиянием на обменные процесс и регуляцию веса. В большей степени нарушается когнитивная сфера при сахарном диабете 2 типа в виде снижения быстроты реакции на внешние стимулы и способность длительное время концентрировать внимание, поэтому мышление становится замедленным, а клинически значимые когнитивные нарушения приводят к трудовой и социальной дезадаптации и снижению адекватного контроля гликемии. Цель исследования: проанализировать характер диагностированных когнитивных нарушений и вариантов диссомний при хронической ишемии головного мозга и оценить особенности выявленных диссомний в развитии ранней деменции при сахарном диабете 2 типа. Объект и методы. За период с 2017 по 2023 годы обследовано 207 пациентов с хронической ишемией головного мозга и неврологическим дефицитом различной степени тяжести. Всем пациентам выполнено комплексное клинико-неврологическое обследование с применением специализированных шкал для изучения когнитивной сферы и уровня сна, лабораторное и инструментальное обследование. В исследовании применялись критерии невключения, включения и исключения, после чего отобрано 147 пациентов с хронической ишемией головного мозга и сахарным диабетом 2 типа. Данные обработаны статистически. Результаты. При хронической ишемии головного мозга у пациентов с сахарным диабетом 2 типа развиваются когнитивные нарушения (95,1 ± 2,4%) и диссомнии (88,9 ± 3,5%), однако их сочетание значимо преобладало (82,7 ± 4,2%) при дисметаболических признаках (p &lt; 0,05). При этом чаще (р &lt; 0,05) диагностировали умеренные (43,2 ± 5,5%) и выраженные (34,6 ± 5,3%) когнитивные расстройства с умеренной диссомнией (63,0 ± 5,4%) и повышенной сонливостью (64,2 ± 5,3%), с эпизодами обструктивного апноэ во сне (16,0 ± 4,1%) и нарколепсии (6,2 ± 2,7%) по сравнению с пациентами без сахарного диабета 2 типа (p &lt; 0,05). Выводы. Наличие сахарного диабета 2 типа повышало риск развития диссомнии и когнитивных расстройств, а выявление диссмонии приводило к увеличению шансов ухудшения интеллектуально-мнестического уровня до степени умеренных и выраженных нарушений. Абсолютно необходимым является проведение нейропсихологического тестирования в сочетании с опросниками по диссомнии и количественной оценкой выраженности когнитивной дисфункции.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. Currently, diabetes mellitus occupies a leading position in terms of prevalence, disability, mortality and it is a medical and social problem. Microvascular and macrovascular diabetic complications negatively affect the quality and duration of sleep with detrimental effects on metabolism and weight regulation. The cognitive sphere is more impaired in type 2 diabetes mellitus in the form of a decrease in the speed of reaction to external stimuli and the ability to concentrate for a long time, so thinking becomes slower, and clinically significant cognitive impairments leads to work and social maladaptation and a decrease in adequate glycemic control. Aim of the study: to study the nature of diagnosed cognitive impairments and variants of dissomnias in chronic cerebral ischemia and to evaluate the features of identified dissomnias in the development of early dementia in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Object and methods. During the period from 2017 to 2023, 207 patients with chronic cerebral ischemia and neurological deficits of varying severity were examined. All patients underwent a comprehensive clinical and neurological examination using specialized scales to study the cognitive sphere and sleep level, laboratory and instrumental methods of examination. The study applied non-inclusion, inclusion and exclusion criteria and selected 147 patients with chronic cerebral ischemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The data has been processed statistically. Results. Cognitive impairments (95,1 ± 2,4%) and dyssomnia (88,9 ± 3,5%) develop in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with chronic cerebral ischemia, and their combination is significant (p &lt; 0,05) prevailed (82,7 ± 4,2%) with dysmetabolic signs. At the same time, moderate (43,2 ± 5,5%) and severe (34,6 ± 5,3%) cognitive disorders with moderate dyssomnia (63,0 ± 5,4%) and increased sleepiness (64,2 ± 5,3%) with episodes of obstructive sleep apnea (16,0 ± 4,1%) and narcolepsy (6,2 ± 2,7%) compared with patients without type 2 diabetes mellitus (p &lt; 0,05). Conclusions. The presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus increased the risk of developing dyssomnia and cognitive disorders, and the identification of dyssomnia led to an increased chance of a deterioration in the intellectual-mnestic level to the degree of moderate and severe impairments. Neuropsychological testing in combination with dyssomnia questionnaires and quantitative assessment of the severity of cognitive dysfunction is absolutely necessary.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сахарный диабет</kwd><kwd>диссомния</kwd><kwd>когнитивные нарушения</kwd><kwd>деменция</kwd><kwd>хроническая ишемия головного мозга</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>dyssomnia</kwd><kwd>cognitive impairments</kwd><kwd>dementia</kwd><kwd>chronic cerebral ischemia</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Антонова К.В., Лагода О.В., Танашян М.М. Гипогликемические состояния у больных сахарным диабетом 2 типа – церебральные, когнитивные, психосоциальные и клинические аспекты. 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