Результаты выживаемости имплантатов после тотального эндопротезирования голеностопного сустава (систематический обзор литературы)

Цель: оценить результаты выживаемости имплантатов после тотального эндопротезирования голеностопного сустава, количества ревизионных операций, проведя систематический обзор литературы на данную тему.

Материалы и методы. Поиск научных статей проводился двумя независимыми исследователями в базах данных Elibrary, Pubmed, Research Gate и Google Academy на двух языках – русском и английском. Глубина поиска – 5 лет. Всего было проанализировано 247 публикаций, из них: Pubmed – 52; Research Gate – 100; Google Academy – 66, Elibrary – 29. После окончательного отбора в исследование были включены 6 научных работ, из которых 2 являются национальными регистрами, 3 – ретроспективными и 1 – проспективным когортными исследованиями.

Результаты. Средняя выживаемость эндопротезов голеностопного сустава в раннем послеоперационном периоде (1–2 года) близка к 100%, в среднесрочном периоде (5–7 лет) показатель выживаемости имплантатов находится на уровне 90%, показатель 10-летней выживаемости эндопротезов имеет значения от 77% до 87,5%. Среднее значение показателя ревизионных операций в течение 19 лет составляет 12,9%.

Выводы. Срок службы эндопротезов голеностопного сустава близок к 100% в течение первых 2 лет. Однако в долгосрочной перспективе показатель выживаемости имплантатов находится в диапазоне 77–87,5%. Причины, приводящие к необходимости выполнения ревизионных вмешательств изучены не до конца. По мнению авторов, не устранённые осевые деформаций при эндопротезировании голеностопного сустава прямо влияют на выживаемость имплантатов. Безусловно, для более детального понимания этого вопроса необходимо провести дополнительные исследования.

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