Difficulty in diagnosing tubular-villous tumor of the large intestine. A case report

Relevance. Currently, the problem of diagnosing a villous tumor of the rectum remains urgent. Diagnosis of villous tumors of the rectum can be difficult for the following reasons, they often do not show pronounced symptoms in the early stages, for final diagnosis it is necessary to conduct a histological examination, which takes time and may not always be available, it is necessary to distinguish villous tumors from other types of polyps and tumors, which also complicates the process [6]. Statistically, the following data have been obtained: of all neoplasms of the large intestine, the villous tumor occupies a leading place, the incidence of cases is 10–15%, and therefore it is important to develop diagnostic methods with high accuracy, in particular endosonography.[2].
The aim of the study To demonstrate the use of endosonography in the diagnosis of villous tumors of the rectum.
Materials and methods: This clinical case demonstrates the successful use of endosonography in the diagnosis of villous tumors of the rectum. Patient C, a 66-year-old woman, was admitted to the hospital complaining of pain during bowel movements, constipation, episodes of blood impurity in the stool, and bloating.
Results. Due to the use of endosonography, the accuracy of the diagnosis of villous tumors of the rectum has increased, as well as the amount of time required to detect this pathology has decreased.
Conclusion. The conducted study revealed positive aspects in the use of endosonography as a diagnostic procedure for rectal villous tumor.

1. Rivkin V.L. Polyps of the stomach and colon. Gastroenterology. Appendix to the journal Consilium Medicum. 2014;2:41-42. (In Russ.)

2. Salmin R.M., Tsigel S.V. Colon polyps: risk factors, as well as the main morphological and histological characteristics. Actual problems of medicine: materials of the annual final scientific and practical conference. Grodno: Grodno State Medical University. 2019;488-489. (In Russ.)

3. Budzinskaya A.A., Velikanov E.V., Tereshchenko S.G., and Lapaeva L.G. Endosonographic examination and optical coherence tomography as additional diagnostic methods for inflammatory bowel diseases and epithelial formations of the colon. International Scientific Research Journal. 2022;8(122):57. (In Russ.)

4. Torre L.A., Cancer C.A., Clin J. Global cancer statistics. 2015;65(2):87-108.

5. Laass M.W., Rogegenbuck D., Conrad K. Diagnosis and classification of Crohn's disease. Autoimmunity reviews. 2014;13(4-5):467-471.

6. Oleynikova N.A. Immunohistochemical assessment of predictive markers of the malignancy potential of colon polyps. Moscow. 2017;22. (In Russ.)

7. Sigel S. V. Colon polyps: risk factors and main characteristics of patients suffering from this disease in 2014. Materials of the republican scientific and practical conference with international participation dedicated to the 60th anniversary of Grodno State Medical University. Collection of articles. Grodno: Grodno State Medical University. 2018;816-817. (In Russ.)

8. Lapteva E.A., Kozlova I.V., Myalina Yu.N., Pakhomova A.L. Colon polyps: epidemiology, risk factors, diagnostic criteria, management tactics. Saratov Scientific Medical Journal. 2013;9(2):252-259. (In Russ.)

9. Agarkov, A.V. The experience of using fibrocolonoscopy in oncology. Oncology. 2020;15(3):42–45. (In Russ.)

10. Baranov I. I. Tasks and prospects of ultrasound diagnostics. Bulletin of diagnostics. 2021;12(2):20-23. (In Russ.)

11. Zhukov S.V. Improving the quality of diagnosis using fibrocolonoscopy. Clinical medicine. 2020;18(6):30-34. (In Russ.)

12. Ivanova A.S. Ultrasound methods in oncology. Oncological Bulletin. 2022;21(2):78-82. (In Russ.)

13. Orlov E.I. Replacement of Uzi in coloproctology. Proctology. 2021;8(4):53-57. (In Russ.)

14. Petrova L.V. The role of fibrocolonoscopy in the early diagnosis of cancer. Diagnosis and treatment. 2020;26(1):22-27. (In Russ.)

15. Tikhomirov I.Y. Fibrocolonoscopy and its advantages. Clinic and diagnostics. 2020;10(3):14-18. (In Russ.)

16. Uspenskaya N.P. Experience with new fibrocolonoscopes. Scientific Bulletin. 2021;23(5):37-41. (In Russ.)

17. Gataullin I.G., Sakhabetdinov B.A., Valitov B.R., Ermakova K.N., Kalyamova A.V. Modifiable factors of development and recurrence of adenomatous colorectal polyps (literature review). Bulletin of the Medical Institute “REAVIZ”. Rehabilitation, Doctor and Health. 2023;13(6):38–42. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.20340/vmi-rvz.2023.6.CLIN.1

18. Gataullin I.G. Aglullin I.R. Shakirov R.K. Modern technologies in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with rectal cancer. Practical medicine. 2012;5(60):7-9. (In Russ.)

19. Starostin R.A., Gataullin B.I., Valitov B.R., Gataullin I.G. Kolorektal'nyy rak: epidemiologiya i faktory riska. Povolzhskiy onko-logicheskiy vestnik. 2021;4(48). (In Russ.)

20. Samsonov D.V., Karachun A.M., Tkachenko O.B. Endoscopic technologies in the treatment of early rectal cancer. Surgery and oncology. 2015;1:20-25. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.17650/2220-3478-2015-1-20-25