Внепечёночные причины заболеваемости и смертности реципиентов печени в отдалённом посттрансплантационном периоде

В настоящее время годичная выживаемость пациентов, перенёсших трансплантацию печени, составляет 80-90 %. В отдалённые сроки после операции сохраняются повышенные, по сравнению с общей популяцией, риски летального исхода. При этом в структуре смертности реципиентов внепеченочные причины превалируют над патологией трансплантата. Злокачественные новообразования, сердечно-сосудистые заболевания, инфекции, метаболические нарушения и болезни почек - ключевые факторы, оказывающие негативное влияние на отдалённые результаты трансплантаций. В статье приводится обзор и обобщение актуальных сведений о распространённости, структуре и прогностическом значении различных вариантов внепечёночной патологии у реципиентов печени в отдалённом послеоперационном периоде.

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